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. 2023 May 22;11:272. Originally published 2022 Mar 3. [Version 3] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.109380.3

Table 4. Method of assessment, recording level, frequency, and duration for top ten indicators for macaques (n=8-10 groups across five disciplines).

Macaques Recording level Method Notes Duration and frequency
Indicator Individual Group/Cage Room Facility Observation Records
Self-harm behaviour * O R Observation of behaviour and injury; record incidence and severity One to multiple daily checks (up to 5 mins.)
Social enrichment * * O R Presence/absence of programme; review of records Daily or as needed (e.g. pair/group formation)
Cage dimensions * * O Per location As required (i.e. caging change)
Body weight * O Sedation may be needed Daily to weekly
Health monitoring programme * * R Inspection; presence/absence programme Semi-annually or annually; multiple daily checks
Appetite * O Food consumed and feeding behaviour Daily checks (1-10 mins. per cage)
Staff training * R At personnel level, including competence Ongoing or annually
Positive reinforcement training * R Training logs (behaviour, frequency, duration, training stage, shaping plan) At each session (daily to weekly)
NHP induced injuries * O Visual inspection of the animal One to multiple daily checks (as long as needed)
Behavioural management programme * * O R Presence/absence of programme Semi-annually or annually; multiple daily checks (2-5 mins. per animal)

NHP=non-human primates.