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. 2021 Nov 30;50(5):1511–1526. doi: 10.1177/03057356211050681

Table 3.

Mixed Effects Models for the Dependent Variables Inclusion of Other in the Self (IOS) and Well-Being Investigating the Effects of the Independent Variables Movement, Music, and Empathy in Study 2.

Model AIC BIC Marg. R2 Cond. R2 Model fit improvement
χ2(df) p
Dependent variable: IOS
 M0: IOS null model 18,574 18,596 .248
 M1: IOS ~ movement (vs. M0) 17,449 17,477 .323 .601 1127(1) <.001
 M2: IOS ~ movement + music (vs. M1) 17,441 17,474 .341 .600 10.21(1) .001
 M3: IOS ~ movement × music (vs. M2) 17,443 17,482 .341 .600 0.17(1) .681
 M4: IOS ~ movement + music + empathy (vs. M2) 17,435 17,474 .354 .601 7.41(1) .006
 M5: IOS ~ movement + music × empathy (vs. M4) 17,437 17,482 .354 .601 0.09(1) .762
 M6: IOS ~ movement × music + empathy (vs. M4) 17,437 17,482 .354 .601 0.17(1) .681
M7: IOS ~ movement × empathy+music (vs. M4) 17,416 17,461 .358 .605 21.45(1) <.001
 M8: IOS ~ movement × empathy × music (vs. M7) 17,422 17,483 .358 .605 0.28(3) .965
Dependent variable: well-being
 M0: Well-being null model 17,789 17,811 .352
 M1: Well-being ~ movement (vs. M0) 17,358 17,386 .128 .492 432(1) <.001
 M2: Well-being ~ movement + music (vs. M1) 17,350 17,383 .203 .486 10.54(1) .001
 M3: Well-being ~ movement × music (vs. M2) 17,351 17,390 .203 .486 0.45(1) .502
M4: Well-being ~ movement+music+empathy (vs. M2) 17,347 17,386 .212 .487 4.69(1) .030
 M5: Well-being ~ movement + music × empathy (vs. M4) 17,349 17,394 .212 .487 0.01(1) .954
 M6: Well-being ~ movement × music + empathy (vs. M4) 17,349 17,393 .212 .487 0.45(1) .502
 M7: Well-being ~ movement × empathy + music (vs. M4) 17,346 17390 .212 .488 3.45(1) .063
 M8: Well-being ~ movement × empathy × music (vs. M4) 17,351 17,412 .212 .488 4.06(4) .398

AIC: Akaike information criterion; BIC: Bayesian information criterion; IOS: inclusion of other in the self.

All models included random effects for participants and stimuli. The Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), variance explained by fixed effects (marginal R2), and variance explained by fixed and random effects (conditional R2) are provided. χ2 and p values refer to model comparisons against models indicated in parentheses using likelihood ratio tests. The models that describe the data best are marked in bold.