Table 3. Univariate analysis on associations between considered variables and survival status of lung cancer patients.
| Variables | Person-years | OS | LCSS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-year OS rate† | All death cases | P value‡ | 5-year LCSS rate† | Lung cancer death cases | P value‡ | |||
| Age | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| <60 years | 176,909.9 | 40.2 (38.6–41.9) | 2,135 | 44.5 (42.8–46.3) | 1,865 | |||
| ≥60 years | 179,394.0 | 34.1 (32.7–35.7) | 2,707 | 39.0 (37.5–40.7) | 2,320 | |||
| Sex | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Male | 227,239.9 | 34.2 (32.9–35.6) | 3,373 | 38.9 (37.5–40.3) | 2,912 | |||
| Female | 129,064.0 | 42.6 (40.7–44.6) | 1,469 | 47.1 (45.1–49.2) | 1,273 | |||
| Smoking | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Never-smoker | 171,811.2 | 41.2 (39.6–43.0) | 2,043 | 46.9 (45.2–48.7) | 1,708 | |||
| Current-smoker | 146,038.2 | 34.2 (32.6–35.9) | 2,155 | 37.0 (35.3–38.7) | 1,978 | |||
| Former-smoker | 35,534.8 | 30.8 (27.8–34.1) | 595 | 39.0 (35.5–42.9) | 453 | |||
| Alcohol assumption | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| No | 246,121.2 | 38.0 (36.7–39.4) | 3,242 | 43.4 (42.0–44.8) | 2,746 | |||
| Yes | 107,441.1 | 34.9 (33–36.9) | 1,554 | 38.1 (36.1–40.2) | 1,394 | |||
| Disease history | 0.1 | 0.3 | ||||||
| No | 270207.1 | 36.1 (34.8–37.4) | 3,708 | 40.8 (39.5–42.2) | 3,189 | |||
| Yes§ | 81363.5 | 40.4 (38.1–42.8) | 1,055 | 45.1 (42.7–47.7) | 920 | |||
| Family history | <0.01 | 0.08 | ||||||
| No | 315,133.9 | 36.6 (35.5–37.8) | 4,369 | 41.7 (40.4–42.9) | 3,734 | |||
| Yes¶ | 15,075.9 | 43.5 (38.1–49.6) | 169 | 46.6 (41.0–52.9) | 154 | |||
| Body mass index†† | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Underweight | 14,755.4 | 30.4 (25.9–35.7) | 244 | 31.3 (26.7–36.7) | 237 | |||
| Normal | 161,445.8 | 36.0 (34.4–37.7) | 2,263 | 37.4 (35.8–39.1) | 2,160 | |||
| Overweight | 79,770.3 | 42.6 (40.2–45.2) | 929 | 43.7 (41.3–46.3) | 885 | |||
| Lesion site | 0.04 | 0.03 | ||||||
| Right | 198,403.0 | 38.5 (37.0–40.1) | 2,565 | 43.2 (41.6–44.8) | 2,215 | |||
| Left | 152,796.7 | 35.8 (34.2–37.5) | 2,149 | 40.5 (38.8–42.3) | 1,855 | |||
| Both | 2,205.1 | 30.6 (20.1–46.7) | 36 | 32.5 (21.5–49.1) | 34 | |||
| Pathological stage | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Stage I | 85,813.9 | 76.9 (74.4–79.5) | 287 | 82.3 (79.9–84.6) | 211 | |||
| Stage II | 24,711.0 | 56.1 (51.3–61.4) | 185 | 59.7 (54.9–65.0) | 161 | |||
| Stage III | 67,019.1 | 32.6 (30.2–35.1) | 1,013 | 37.2 (34.7–40.0) | 879 | |||
| Stage IV | 94,143.8 | 21.4 (19.9–23.0) | 2,166 | 26.4 (24.7–28.3) | 1,804 | |||
| Histological classification | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 78,571.7 | 36.9 (34.6–39.3) | 1,046 | 41.5 (39.0–44.1) | 906 | |||
| Adenocarcinoma | 179,832.5 | 43.3 (41.7–45.0) | 2,029 | 48.6 (46.8–50.4) | 1,716 | |||
| Small cell carcinoma | 38,329.6 | 27.9 (25.2–31.0) | 692 | 31.0 (28.0–34.2) | 626 | |||
| Others‡‡ | 24,842.3 | 36.1 (32.2–40.5) | 344 | 39.9 (35.7–44.5) | 304 | |||
| Treatment | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||
| No | 37,202.7 | 26.2 (23.6–29.1) | 719 | 28.2 (25.5–31.3) | 672 | |||
| Yes§§ | 317,004.6 | 38.7 (37.5–39.9) | 4,087 | 43.8 (42.5–45.1) | 3,479 | |||
| Grade of the hospital | 0.04 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Provincial hospital | 316,787.4 | 39.4 (38.2–40.6) | 3,944 | 40.5 (39.2–41.7) | 3,792 | |||
| Municipal hospital | 34,900.3 | 27.4 (24.7–30.5) | 702 | 60.7 (56.8–64.9) | 272 | |||
| County hospital | 4,616.2 | 8.1 (5.1–12.7) | 196 | 19.1 (13.0–27.9) | 121 | |||
| Area of the hospital | 0.02 | <0.01 | ||||||
| North China | 222,431.3 | 38.3 (36.9–39.8) | 2,886 | 39.7 (38.3–41.2) | 2,747 | |||
| South China | 133,872.5 | 34.8 (33.1–36.6) | 1,956 | 45.1 (43.2–47.2) | 1,438 | |||
†, survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and were shown as rate (%) and its 95% CIs; ‡, P values were calculated by Log Rank test; §, referring to lung diseases, such as tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and silicosis/pneumoconiosis; ¶, referring to participants with first-degree or second-degree relatives diagnosed with any type of lung cancer; ††, BMI was calculated based on the height and weight values, and was categorized in to 3 groups according to the WHO standard, which were underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), and overweight (≥25 kg/m2); ‡‡, including large cell carcinoma, carcinoid, sarcomatoid carcinoma, and adenosquamous carcinoma. §§, Including Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy. OS, overall survival; LCSS, lung cancer specific survival; CIs, confidence interval.