Table 2. Cardiac Arrest, Resuscitation, Post–Cardiac Arrest, and Overall Outcomes at 1 Year After Cardiac Arrest by Outcome Group.
| Variable | Patients, No./total No. (%) | P valuec | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 120) | Favorable outcome (n = 70)a | Unfavorable outcome (n = 50)b | ||
| Primary etiology | ||||
| Asphyxia | 74/107 (69.2) | 45/66 (68.2) | 29/41 (70.7) | .78 |
| Cardiac | 33/107 (30.8) | 21/66 (31.8) | 12/41 (29.3) | |
| Location out of hospital | 60/120 (50.0) | 25/70 (35.7) | 35/50 (70.0) | <.001 |
| Duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, median (IQR), mind | 7.0 (3.0-20.0) | 5.0 (2.0-11.0) | 20.0 (6.0-40.0) | <.001 |
| Epinephrine doses, median (IQR)e | 1.0 (0-4.0) | 1.0 (0-3.0) | 2.5 (1.0-5.0) | .04 |
| Received defibrillation | 18/101 (17.8) | 11/61 (18.0) | 7/40 (17.5) | .94 |
| First monitored rhythm | ||||
| Sinus bradycardia | 33/96 (34.4) | 23/58 (39.7) | 10/38 (26.3) | .04 |
| Pulseless electrical activity | 23/96 (24.0) | 14/58 (24.1) | 9/38 (23.7) | |
| Asystole | 19/96 (19.8) | 7/58 (12.1) | 12/38 (31.6) | |
| Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation | 15/96 (15.6) | 10/58 (17.2) | 5/38 (13.2) | |
| Otherf | 6/96 (6.3) | 4/58 (6.9) | 2/38 (5.3) | |
| Event witnessed | 92/120 (76.7) | 65/70 (92.9) | 27/50 (54.0) | <.001 |
| Bystander resuscitation | 42/120 (35.0) | 17/70 (24.3) | 25/50 (50.0) | .004 |
| Hospital length of stay, median (IQR), d | 18.0 (6.5-35.5) | 20.5 (10.0-41.0) | 12.0 (5.0-34.0) | .09 |
| ICU length of stay, median (IQR), dg | 12.0 (5.0-25.0) | 14.0 (6.0-21.0) | 11.0 (5.0-31.5) | .78 |
| Disposition at hospital discharge | ||||
| Home | 55/120 (45.8) | 50/70 (71.4) | 5/50 (10.0) | <.001 |
| Died | 41/120 (34.2) | 0 | 41/50 (82.0) | |
| Inpatient rehabilitation | 17/120 (14.2) | 15/70 (21.4) | 2/50 (4.0) | |
| Transfer to other hospital | 2/120 (1.7) | 2/70 (2.9) | 0 | |
| Long-term care facility | 5/120 (4.2) | 3/70 (4.3) | 2/50 (4.0) | |
| Days from cardiac arrest to death, median (IQR)h | 10 (3-25) | NA | 10 (3-25) | NA |
| Cause of deathi | ||||
| Multiple organ failure | 13/43 (30.2) | NA | 13/43 (30.2) | NA |
| Brain death | 11/43 (25.6) | NA | 11/43 (25.6) | |
| Neurologic injury | 11/43 (25.6) | NA | 11/43 (25.6) | |
| Cardiovascular | 8/43 (18.6) | NA | 8/43 (18.6) | |
Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; NA, not applicable.
a
A favorable outcome was defined as a Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, third edition (VABS-3), score of ≥70 points.
b
An unfavorable outcome was defined as a VABS-3 score of <70 points or death.
c
P values are based on a χ2 test for categorical variables and a Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.
d
Among 98 patients (64 with favorable outcomes and 34 with unfavorable outcomes).
e
Among 100 patients (60 with favorable outcomes and 40 with unfavorable outcomes).
f
Normal sinus, sinus tachycardia, and junctional ectopic tachycardia.
g
Among 117 patients (69 with favorable outcomes and 48 with unfavorable outcomes).
h
Among 43 patients (43 with unfavorable outcomes).
i
Per death certificate.