Effects of CoQ10 on rotarod performance and open-field behavior in 84Q SCA3 mice. At the age of 16 months, (A) we performed an accelerating rotarod test with all three groups of mice after 7 months of treatment and measured their persistence on the rotarod until a fall. (B) All groups of mice were subjected to the open-field behavior assay after the treatment group had received 7 months of treatment. Movements were assessed using the overhead tracking system, Top Scan. Representative traces of spontaneous movement in an open field behavior test during a 10 min monitoring period are shown. Open-field behavior was quantified to determine the (C) distance moved, (D) the average velocity, (E) the zone change frequency and (F) the number of entries into the center area. In panels (C–F), values from treated mice were normalized to those of the 84Q SCA3 group. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * p < 0.05 indicates the WT group compared to the 84Q SCA3 group. # p < 0.05 indicates the 84Q SCA3 + CoQ10 group compared to the 84Q SCA3 group. WT, wild-type controls; 84Q SCA3, chow diet of vehicle; 84Q SCA3 + CoQ10, CoQ10 supplementation.