Table 1.
Composition of PGEOs obtained by GC-MS analysis from plant material collected at different phenological stages, namely vegetative stage, beginning flowering stage, and full flowering stage. The values represented the average of 3 determinations.
| Kovats Index (NIST) | Compounds | Phenological Stages (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vegetative Stage | Beginning Flowering Stage | Full Flowering Stage | ||
| 940 | α-Pinene | 5.72 | 5.64 | 4.28 |
| 951 | Camphene | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.38 |
| 1010 | 3-Carene | 3.88 | 3.31 | 1.52 |
| 1022 | δ-Carene | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.17 |
| 1030 | Limonene | 0.14 | Nd | nd |
| 1030 | p-Menthene | 7.87 | 6.7 | 9.97 |
| 1039 | cis-Ocimene | 1.24 | 1.37 | 1.07 |
| 1046 | 1,8-Cineole | nd | 0.14 | nd |
| 1050 | trans-β-Ocimene | 0.11 | Nd | nd |
| 1060 | cis-Sabinene | 0.2 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
| 1101 | α-Thujone | 0.3 | 0.32 | 0.24 |
| 1115 | trans-Rose oxide | 0.3 | 0.33 | 1.29 |
| 1134 | cis-Rose oxide | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.59 |
| 1134 | cis-Limonene oxide | nd | Nd | nd |
| 1143 | Camphor | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.43 |
| 1151 | Citronellal | nd | Nd | 0.29 |
| 1154 | p-Menthone | 0.1 | Nd | 0.27 |
| 1159 | Isoborneol | 5.19 | 4.02 | 6.96 |
| 1173 | Menthol | 15.8 | 14.06 | 20.57 |
| 1178 | Naphthalene | 0.2 | 0.26 | 0.2 |
| 1182 | Isomenthol | nd | 0.14 | 0.15 |
| 1186 | Cryptone | 0.18 | nd | nd |
| 1242 | Z-Citral | 0.67 | 0.41 | 0.52 |
| 1253 | Linalyl acetate | 3.38 | 3.9 | 2.97 |
| 1273 | Isogeraniol | 15.47 | 15.05 | 9.14 |
| 1284 | trans-Anethole | 0.12 | 0.15 | nd |
| 1296 | Azulene | 0.82 | 0.52 | 0.23 |
| 1305 | Geranyl formate | 1.56 | 2.06 | 1.65 |
| 1318 | Iso-menthyl acetate | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.44 |
| 1349 | α-Cubebene | 0.57 | 0.71 | 0.39 |
| 1373 | Isoledene | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.12 |
| 1376 | α-Copaene | nd | nd | 0.13 |
| 1378 | Copaene | 0.25 | 0.38 | 0.34 |
| 1388 | β-Cubebene | 3.46 | 4.25 | 2.05 |
| 1390 | Isolongifolene | 1.78 | 2.05 | 1.49 |
| 1402 | Junipene | 0.2 | 1.23 | 0.37 |
| 1409 | α-Bourbonene | nd | 2.71 | 1.72 |
| 1412 | β-Bourbonene | 1.95 | nd | 0.2 |
| 1423 | trans-Caryophyllene | 0.97 | 1.05 | 0.98 |
| 1426 | Calarene | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.37 |
| 1431 | Aromadendrene | 1.05 | 1.48 | 1.53 |
| 1442 | Dehydroaromadendrene | 1.07 | 0.55 | 0.51 |
| 1444 | α-Guaiene | 0.88 | 1.06 | 1.2 |
| 1451 | Germacrene-D | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.13 |
| 1456 | α-Caryophyllene | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.32 |
| 1456 | Seychellene | 0.39 | 0.76 | 0.42 |
| 1457 | α-Humulene | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.4 |
| 1480 | Ω-Cadinene | 1.06 | 1.16 | 0.98 |
| 1482 | Ledene | 0.44 | 0.61 | 0.82 |
| 1491 | Valencene | 0.63 | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| 1500 | ẟ-Himachalene | nd | nd | 0.13 |
| 1503 | Eremophilene | 8.34 | 9.02 | 8.19 |
| 1511 | β-bisabolene | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.49 |
| 1537 | Elemol | 1.86 | 2.3 | 2.32 |
| 1541 | α-calacorene | nd | nd | 0.14 |
| 1618 | trans-Longipinocarveol | nd | 0.25 | 0.6 |
| 1643 | Cubenol | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.46 |
| 1890 | Ledene oxide | 0.17 | 0.28 | 0.18 |
| 2038 | Humulene oxide | 0.27 | 0.28 | 1.2 |
| Octahydro-naphthalene | 0.51 | 0.39 | 1.01 | |
| Phenyl tiglate | 1.67 | 1.64 | 1.97 | |
| Total identified compounds% | 92.98 | 92.89 | 93.02 | |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons% | 20.84 | 18.63 | 17.99 | |
| Oxygenated monoterpenes % | 39.08 | 35.1 | 41.31 | |
| Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons% | 25.41 | 30.19 | 24.25 | |
nd: not detected.