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Scheme illustrating the relationship between brain metabolism of ketone bodies and that of glutamate and GABA, where the metabolism of ketone bodies of acetyl-CoA induces the increase of glutamate and GABA. 3-OH_Butyrate: β-hydroxybutyrate; Succ-CoA: succinyl-CoA; AcAc-CoA: acetoacetyl-CoA; Ac- CoA: acetyl-CoA; CoA: coenzyme A; NADH/NAD: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; GOT: glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase; GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid.
