Aβ	Amyloid beta
ABCA1	ATP-binding cassette transporter A1
AChE	Acetylcholinesterase
AhR	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
AR	Androgen receptor
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
BrdU+	Bromodeoxyuridine-positive
BMD	Bone mineral density
CAT	Catalase
CK	Creatine kinase
CNS	Central nervous system
CSA	Cross-sectional area
Cyt C	Cytochrome C
DAI	Disease activity index
DC	Dendritic cell
D-gal	D-galactose
DMD	Duchenne muscle dystrophy
DSS	Dextran sodium sulphate
DXC+	Doublecortin-positive
EA	Ellagic acid
EAE	Autoimmune encephalomyelitis
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ET	Ellagitannin(s)
FOX	Forkhead box
FUNDC1f/f	FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 expressing
FUNDC1CKO	FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 knockout
GFAP	Glial fibrillary acidic protein
GSH-Px	Glutathione peroxidase
HCC	Hepatocellular carcinoma
HDL	High-density lipoprotein
HFD	High-fat diet
ICR	Institute of cancer research
IDD	Intervertebral disc degeneration
IFN-γ	Interferon-γ
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
IL-6	Interleukin-6
IL-23	Interleukin-23
IR	Irradiated
I/R	Ischemia-reperfusion
LC3II	Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
LPS	Lipopolysaccharides
LTP	Long term potentiation
MAO	Monoamine oxidase
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1	Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MFF	Mitochondrial fission factor
MI	Myocardial infarction
miR-34a	MicroRNA-34a
MNCs	Mononuclear cells
MPO	Myeloperoxidase
MuSCs	Muscle stem cells
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
mTOR1	mTOR complex 1
mUroA	Methylated Urolithin A
NAD	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
nDNA	Nuclear DNA
OCR	Oxygen consumption rate
OPG	Osteoprotegerin
OVX	Ovariectomised
PBS	Phosphate buffered saline
PCG-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha
PMA	Phorbol myristate acetate
Post-MI	Post-myocardial infarction
PTP	Permeability transition pore
RCT	Randomised controlled trials
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
T-AOC	Total anti-oxidant capacity
TBI	Total body irradiation
TFEB	Transcription factor EB
Th17	T-helper 17
TNBS	2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
TNFα	Tumour necrosis factor α
TSC2	Tuberous sclerosis complex 2
ULK	UNC-51-like kinase
Uro	Urolithin(s)
UroA	Urolithin A
UroAR	Urolithin AR
UroB	Urolithin B
UroC	Urolithin C
UroD	Urolithin D