Table 1.
Main characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review
| Author | Year | Type of study | Region | Centres | Inclusion period | No. of patients | No. of patients undergoing PPI (%) | Timing of PPI | Type of valve implanted (%) | Follow-up (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alasti et al.24 | 2018 | Obs, prospective | Australia | 1 | April 2012–October 2016 | 152 | 38 (25.0) | Within 30 days | MEV (100) | 12 |
| Aljabbary et al.25 | 2018 | Obs, retrospective | Canada | 10 | April 2010–October 2015 | 1263 | 186 (14.7) | During hospitalization | NA | 33 |
| Ashraf et al.12 | 2020 | Obs, retrospective | Arizona | 1 | January 2012–July 2018 | 243 | 22 (9.1) | Within 30 days | BEV (100) | 36 |
| Biner et al.26 | 2014 | Obs, retrospective | Israel | 1 | NA | 230 | 58 (25.4) | NA | SEV (87.4) | 19.5 |
| BEV (12.6) | ||||||||||
| Buellesfeld et al.27 | 2012 | Obs, prospective | Switzerland, Germany | 2 | August 2007–March 2010 | 305 | 98 (32.1) | Within 30 days | SEV (89.5) | 12 |
| BEV (10.5) | ||||||||||
| Chamandi et al.28 | 2018 | Obs, prospective | International | 9 | May 2007–February 2011 | 1629 | 322 (19.8) | Within 30 days | SEV (53.9) | 52 |
| BEV (43.8) | ||||||||||
| Costa et al.10 | 2019 | Obs, prospective | Italy | 1 | June 2007–February 2018 | 1116 | 145 (13.0) | Within 30 days | SEV (72.5) | 12 |
| BEV (27.2) | ||||||||||
| D’Ancona et al.29 | 2011 | Obs, prospective | Germany | 1 | April 2008–March 2011 | 322 | 20 (6.2) | Within 30 days | BEV (100) | 12 |
| De Carlo et al.30 | 2011 | Obs, prospective | Italy | 3 | September 2007–July 2010 | 275 | 66 (24.0) | 0–2 days | SEV (100) | 12 |
| Du et al.11 | 2019 | Obs, retrospective | China | 1 | March 2013–October 2018 | 256 | 38 (14.8) | Within 30 days | SEV (100) | 12 |
| Engborg et al.31 | 2016 | Obs, prospective | Denmark | 1 | March 2008–September 2012 | 128 | 41 (32.0) | Within 30 days | SEV (78.1) | 46.2 |
| BEV (21.9) | ||||||||||
| Fadahunsi et al.32 | 2016 | Obs, retrospective | USA | 220 | November 2011–September 2014 | 9785 | 651 (6.7) | Within 30 days | SEV (11.2) | 12 |
| BEV (88.8) | ||||||||||
| Fujita et al.33 | 2019 | Obs, prospective | Germany | Multicentre | 2011–15 | 20 872 | 3459 (16.6) | During hospitalization | SEV (36.0) | 12 |
| BEV (53.7) | ||||||||||
| DFM (1.5) | ||||||||||
| Gensas et al.34 | 2014 | Obs, retrospective | Brazil | 18 | January 2008–February 2012 | 353 | 89 (25.2) | Within 30 days | SEV (85.8) | 60 |
| BEV (14.2) | ||||||||||
| Giustino et al.35 | 2016 | Obs, retrospective | Europe | 4 | November 2005–December 2011 | 947 | 145 (13.2) | Within 30 days | SEV (52.1) | 60 |
| BEV (47.9) | ||||||||||
| Gonska et al.36 | 2018 | Obs, retrospective | Germany | 1 | February 2014–September 2016 | 612 | 168 (27.5) | NA | SEV (4.4) | 12 |
| BEV (58.8) | ||||||||||
| MEV (36.8) | ||||||||||
| Houthuizen et al.37 | 2012 | Obs, prospective | Netherlands | 8 | November 2005–December 2010 | 797 | 118 (14.8) | Within 30 days | SEV (61.4) | 15 |
| BEV (38.6) | ||||||||||
| Jørgensen et al.38 | 2019 | Obs, prospective | Denmark | 1 | 2007–17 | 816 | 132 (16.2) | Within 30 days | SEV (82.6) | 30 |
| BEV (9.4) | ||||||||||
| MEV (8.0) | ||||||||||
| Kostopoulou et al.39 | 2015 | Obs, prospective | Greece | 1 | January 2010–February 2012 | 45 | 10 (22.2) | Within 30 days | SEV (100) | 24 |
| López-Aguilera et al.40 | 2018 | Obs, prospective | Spain | 1 | April 2008–December 2015 | 217 | 39 (15.0) | During hospitalization | SEV (100) | 37 |
| Meduri et al.9 | 2019 | Obs, prospective | North America, Europe, Australia | 55 | September 2014–December 2015 | 704 | 245 (34.8) | Within 30 days | SEV (33.8) | 12 |
| MEV (66.2) | ||||||||||
| Mouillet et al.41 | 2015 | Obs, prospective | International | 29 | January 2010–October 2011 | 883 | 252 (30.3) | Within 1 year | SEV (100) | 12 |
| Nadeem et al.42 | 2018 | Obs, retrospective | Ohio | 1 | 2011 – 2017 | 672 | 146 (21.7) | Within 1 year | SEV (55.5) | 12 |
| BEV (44.2) | ||||||||||
| Nazif et al.43 | 2015 | Obs, retrospective | International | 21 | May 2007–September 2011 | 1973 | 173 (8.8) | Within 30 days | BEV (100) | 12 |
| Nijenhuis et al.44 | 2017 | Obs, retrospective | Netherlands | 1 | June 2007–June 2015 | 155 | 37 (23.9) | Within 30 days | NA | 18.6 |
| Pereira et al.45 | 2013 | Obs, retrospective | Portugal | 1 | August 2007–May 2011 | 58 | 19 (32.8) | During hospitalization | SEV (100) | 12 |
| Rogers et al.46 | 2018 | Obs, prospective | USA | 1 | January 2013–December 2015 | 614 | 145 (23.6) | Within 30 days | SEV (22.0) | 12 |
| BEV (78.0) | ||||||||||
| Rück et al.13 | 2021 | Obs, population-based cohort | Sweden | 8 | January 2008–December 2018 | 3420 | 481 (14.1) | Within 30 days | BEV (38.4) | 32.4 (20.4 m for HF outcome) |
| Schymik et al.47 | 2015 | Obs, retrospective | Germany | 1 | May 2008–April 2012 | 634 | 69 (10.8) | Within 24 h | SEV (19.2) | 12 |
| BEV (80.8) | ||||||||||
| Urena et al.48 | 2014 | Obs, retrospective | International | 8 | January 2005–February 2013 | 1556 | 239 (15.4) | Within 30 days | SEV (44.9) | 22 |
| BEV (55.1) | ||||||||||
| Walther et al.49 | 2018 | Obs, prospective | Europe, Australia | 12 | December 2011–September 2015 | 198 | 29 (14.7) | During hospitalization | SEV (100) | 12 |
BEV, balloon-expanding valves; HF, heart failure; MEV, mechanically expandable valves; NA, not available; Obs, observational; PPI, permanent pacemaker implantation; SEV, self-expandable valves.