Table 4.
Associations of significantly associated Olink Biomarker levels with vascular dementia incidence. For associations of not significantly associated biomarkers, see Supplemental Table 8
| Olink Biomarker | Value of 1 SD | Vascular dementia (n=195 cases) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) per 1 SD* | p-value per 1 SD | FDR corrected p-value† | ||
| CCL11 | 0.697 | 1.30 (1.09-1.56) | 0.0042 | 0.0137 |
| CCL23 | 0.732 | 1.24 (1.04-1.48) | 0.0148 | 0.0347 |
| CD5 | 0.523 | 1.32 (1.11-1.56) | 0.0016 | 0.0091 |
| CD244 | 0.587 | 1.39 (1.16-1.66) | 0.0004 | 0.0072 |
| CDCP1 | 0.894 | 1.25 (1.05-1.48) | 0.0122 | 0.0313 |
| CX3CL1 | 0.669 | 1.35 (1.13-1.61) | 0.0011 | 0.0072 |
| CXCL1 | 0.901 | 1.22 (1.04-1.43) | 0.0151 | 0.0347 |
| CXCL5 | 0.957 | 1.39 (1.16-1.67) | 0.0004 | 0.0072 |
| CXCL6 | 0.848 | 1.32 (1.11-1.57) | 0.0018 | 0.0091 |
| CXCL9 | 0.953 | 1.25 (1.06-1.47) | 0.0089 | 0.0256 |
| CXCL10 | 0.953 | 1.28 (1.09-1.50) | 0.0029 | 0.0116 |
| DNER | 0.488 | 1.37 (1.13-1.65) | 0.0010 | 0.0072 |
| EN-RAGE | 1.307 | 1.41 (1.18-1.68) | 0.0001 | 0.0036 |
| Flt3L | 0.629 | 1.22 (1.03-1.45) | 0.0226 | 0.0493 |
| HGF | 0.719 | 1.32 (1.11-1.58) | 0.0019 | 0.0091 |
| IL-7 | 0.798 | 1.24 (1.05-1.47) | 0.0107 | 0.0296 |
| IL-10 | 0.863 | 1.27 (1.09-1.48) | 0.0017 | 0.0091 |
| IL-18 | 0.763 | 1.36 (1.14-1.63) | 0.0006 | 0.0072 |
| IL-18R1 | 0.602 | 1.30 (1.09-1.55) | 0.0034 | 0.0122 |
| LAP TGF-beta-1 | 0.574 | 1.33 (1.12-1.57) | 0.0011 | 0.0072 |
| LIF-R | 0.503 | 1.36 (1.14-1.63) | 0.0007 | 0.0072 |
| MCP-2 | 0.769 | 1.24 (1.04-1.47) | 0.0154 | 0.0347 |
| MCP-4 | 0.927 | 1.26 (1.05-1.51) | 0.0114 | 0.0304 |
| MMP-10 | 0.761 | 1.30 (1.10-1.54) | 0.0022 | 0.0099 |
| NT-3 | 0.544 | 1.26 (1.08-1.46) | 0.0025 | 0.0106 |
| OPG | 0.609 | 1.38 (1.15-1.67) | 0.0007 | 0.0072 |
| PD-L1 | 0.600 | 1.26 (1.07-1.49) | 0.0056 | 0.0175 |
| TGF-alpha | 0.829 | 1.23 (1.05-1.46) | 0.0126 | 0.0313 |
| TNFRSF9 | 0.636 | 1.26 (1.06-1.49) | 0.0073 | 0.0219 |
| TRAIL | 0.513 | 1.32 (1.09-1.59) | 0.0037 | 0.0127 |
| TWEAK | 0.647 | 1.36 (1.13-1.63) | 0.0010 | 0.0072 |
| VEGF-A | 0.794 | 1.43 (1.20-1.70) | 0.0001 | 0.0036 |
| uPA | 0.604 | 1.30 (1.09-1.55) | 0.0034 | 0.0122 |
Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, FDR false discovery rate; For biomarker abbreviations, see Supplemental Table 1
All associations between Olink Biomarkers and the dementia outcome in this table are statistically significant after correction for multiple testing (FDR corrected p < 0.05). The line for the most important biomarker, VEGF-A, which is also independently from other Olink biomarkers associated with the dementia outcome, is printed in bold. However, please note that this table shows its association with the outcome when the biomarker is put singularly in the multivariate logistic regression model
* Multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for age (continuously), sex, education, physical activity, BMI (categorical), CVD, diabetes, depression, APOE genotype
† P-values corrected for multiple testing by the Benjamini and Hochberg method