Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population (n = 40)
| Total population (n = 40) | |
|---|---|
| Demographic | |
| Age (years) | 71.4 (6.5) |
| Gender: male | 30 (75) |
| Smoking status: current or former smoker | 29 (72.5) |
| Working status: active | 3 (7.5) |
| GAP index (stage I/II/III), (%) | 35/40/25 |
| Diagnosis and treatment | |
| Time since diagnosis (months), median (p25–p75) | 18.5 (11.2–42.6) |
| Ambulatory oxygen therapy | 6 (15) |
| Antifibrotic therapy | 30 (75) |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (p25–p75) | 4 (3–6) |
| Lung function‡ | |
| FVC (% pred.) | 79.2 (19.4) |
| TLC (% pred.) | 70.6 (14.6) |
| DLCO (% pred.) | 44.7 (14.4) |
| PaO2 (mm Hg) | 81.3 (8.7) |
| Exercise capacity (6MWT) | |
| Distance (m) | 451.6 (92.7) |
| Distance (% pred.) | 96.2 (18.6) |
| Basal SpO2 (%) | 95.1 (2.4) |
| Mean SpO2 (%) | 90.1 (5.8) |
| Minimum SpO2 (%) | 87.5 (6.5) |
| ΔSpO2 (%), median (p25–p75)§ | 7 (4–12.8) |
| Muscular strength | |
| MIP (% pred.) | 87.6 (26.3) |
| MEP (% pred.) | 75.3 (23.7) |
| Non-dominant hand-grip (kg) | 30.8 (9.3) |
| Non-dominant hand grip (% pred.) | 113.4 (19.7) |
| QMVC (kg) | 33.6 (9.9) |
| QMVC (% pred.) | 91.9 (25.2) |
| Body mass and composition | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.4 (4.6) |
| FFMI (kg/m2) | 17.8 (2.1) |
| Symptoms, HRQoL and psychological factors | |
| Dyspnoea (mMRC 0–4), median (p25–p75) | 1 (0.25–2) |
| SGRQ score (0–100) | |
| Total | 30.3 (20.1) |
| Activity | 48.2 (24.2) |
| Symptoms | 34.4 (22.4) |
| Impact | 27.5 (20.8) |
| HAD scale (0–21) | |
| Anxiety | 6 (3.6) |
| Depression | 5 (4.4) |
Data are presented as mean (SD) and n (%) unless otherwise specified
GAP Gender-age-physiology; FVC Forced vital capacity; TLC Total lung capacity; DLCO Carbon monoxide diffusion capacity; PaO2 Arterial oxygen partial pressure; 6MWT Six-minute walking test; SpO2 Peripheral oxygen saturation; MIP Maximum inspiratory pressure; MEP Maximum expiratory pressure; QMVC Quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction; BMI Body mass index; FFMI Fat-free mass index; HRQoL Health-related quality of life; mMRC Modified medical research council; SGRQ St. George respiratory questionnaire; HAD Hospital anxiety and depression
§ΔSpO2%, percentage of change between baseline and exercise values
‡TLC (n = 31), DLCO (n = 33), PaO2 (n = 33)