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. 2022 Aug 29;18(14):5489–5502. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.72977

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Imbalance of renal Smad3/Smad7 equilibrium in T2DN. (A-D) Changes in renal Smad3/Smad7 equilibrium in the diabetic kidney of db/db mice with overreactive Smad3 but loss of Smad7 is highly associated with the T2DN development by increasing collagen I and MCP-1 expression in 24-week-old db/db mice. (E, F) Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR analysis show a progressive increase in Smad3 activation but decrease in Smad7 expression in the kidney of db/db mice. Data represent mean ± s.d. from groups of 5 mice. (B-D) ***p<0.001 vs 24-week-old db/m mice. (E, F) *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 vs 10-week-old db/db mice. Scale bar, 50 μm.