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. 2022 Aug 29;18(14):5489–5502. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.72977

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Preventive but not intervention treatment with AANG effectively blocks T2DN development in db/db mice. (A, B) Immunostaining shows that renal inflammation and fibrosis in the diabetic kidney of db/db mice are markedly suppressed by AANG preventive treatment (P) but not by intervention therapy (T). (C-F) Western blot analysis shows the Smad3 activation (p-Smad3) and increment of fibrotic genes collagen I and α-SMA in the diabetic kidney of db/db mice are markedly suppressed by AANG preventive treatment (P) but not by intervention therapy (T); where Smad7 expression is synergistically increased by AANG preventive treatment in the (C, D) kidney of db/db mice at 24 weeks. (E, F) Effects of AANG on AGE-induced activation of Smad3 and NF-κB signaling expression collagen I and α-SMA by mTEC at 24h. Data represented mean ± s.d. from groups of 6 mice or independent experiments. (B, D) *p<0.05, **p < 0.01 vs db/m mice; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 vs control db/db mice. (F) *p<0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs blank control; ##p<0.01, ###p<0.001 vs AGE-treated control. Scale bar, 50 μm.