Effect of knock-down and PHGDH over-expression on BCa proliferation and ferroptosis was verified by the in vivo and in vitro experiments. (A-B) The subcutaneous xenograft mouse model showed that both, knock-down and over-expression of PHGDH, affect the growth of BCa in vivo (n=3, P-value<0.05). (C-D) Representative IHC images of Ki67 and PCNA in mouse subcutaneous tumor tissue. Scale bars: 50/25 μm. (E-F) The CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to estimate the viability of the T24 and RT4 cell lines after PHGDH knock-down and over-expression, respectively. (G) EdU assay was used to measure the viability of T24 and RT4 cell lines after PHGDH knock-down and over-expression, respectively. (H-I) The migration and the invasion abilities of T24 and RT4 cell lines were analyzed by transwell assay after PHGDH knock-down and over-expression, respectively. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.