Table 2.
Performance of PSA level, PSAD, the number of SPL, and composite detection models incorporating the number of SPL with PSA level and PSAD in detecting PCa (A) and in detecting clinically significant PCa (≥Gleason 3 + 4) (B). Positive thresholds were defined as PSA level >4 ng/mL, PSAD >0.15 ng/mL/mL, SPL >1, composite 1: PSA + 6 × the number of SPL >14, composite 2: PSAD × 14 + number of SPL >4.25
| (A) Detecting Prostate Cancer | PSA Level n/N (%) | PSADn/N (%) | Number of SPL n/N (%) | Composite 1: PSA and B-MRI n/N (%) | Composite 2: PSAD and B-MRI n/N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | 39/44 (88.6) | 19/44 (43.2) | 42/44 (95.5) | 40/44 (90.9) | 32/44 (72.7) |
| Specificity | 6/15 (40.0) | 14/15 (93.3) | 5/15 (33.3) | 8/15 (53.3) | 14/15 (93.3) |
| PPV | 39/48 (81.3) | 19/20 (95.0) | 42/52 (80.8) | 40/47 (85.1) | 32/33 (97.0) |
| NPV | 6/11 (54.5) | 14/39 (35.9) | 5/7 (71.4) | 8/12 (66.7) | 14/26 (53.9) |
| Overall accuracy | 45/59 (76.3) | 33/59 (55.9) | 47/59 (79.7) | 48/59 (81.4) | 46/59 (78.0) |
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| (B) Clinically Signficant Prostate Cancer | PSA Level n/N (%) | PSADn/N (%) | Number of SPL n/N (%) | Composite 1: PSA and B-MRI n/N (%) | Composite 2: PSAD and B-MRI n/N (%) |
| Sensitivity | 32/34 (94.1) | 18/34 (52.9) | 33/34 (97.1) | 33/34 (97.1) | 27/34 (79.4) |
| Specificity | 9/25 (36.0) | 23/25 (92.0) | 6/25 (24.0) | 11/25 (44.0) | 19/25 (76.0) |
| PPV | 32/48 (66.7) | 18/20 (90.0) | 33/52 (63.5) | 33/47 (72.0) | 27/33 (81.8) |
| NPV | 9/11 (81.8) | 23/39 (59.0) | 6/7 (85.7) | 11/12 (91.7) | 19/26 (73.1) |
| Overall accuracy | 41/59 (69.5) | 41/59 (69.5) | 39/59 (66.1) | 44/59 (74.6) | 46/59 (78.0) |
B-MRI, biparametric magnetic resonance imaging; NPV, negative predictive value; PCa, prostate cancer; PPV, positive predictive value; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PSAD, PSA density; SPL, screen positive lesions.