TABLE 2.
Distribution and functional profile of non-histone lactylated proteins in cross-species samples.
| Biological sample | Species | Pro no. | Site no. | Subcellular location | Functional profile | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | Human | 350 | - | Nucleus 23.2% | Most massively modified on: GLO1, GLOD4 Mainly enriched in: carbon metabolism and glycolysis | Gaffney et al. (2020) |
| Cytosol 49.9% | ||||||
| Mitochondria 5.5% | ||||||
| Brain tissue | Mouse | 47 | - | Nucleus 20.0% | Mainly enriched in: extracellular exosome, nucleosome | Hagihara et al. (2021) |
| Cytosol 22.2% | ||||||
| Mitochondria 6.7% | ||||||
| RAW264.7 | Mouse | 1 | - | Nucleus |
Modified on: Hmgb1 Function: promoted Hmgb1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and its release via exosome secretion |
Yang et al. (2022a) |
| BMDM, MDSC (co-cultured with MC38) | Mouse | 1 | 2 | Nucleus | Modified on: Mettl3 (K281, K345) | Xiong et al. (2022) |
| Function: enhanced the capture of m6A-modified RNA | ||||||
| BSF of T. brucei | Protozoan Parasite | 251 | 371 | Nucleus 38.0% | Most massively modified on: HSP90 | Zhang et al. (2021b) |
| Cytosol 35.0% | Mainly enriched in: the cytosolic large ribosomal subunit, carbohydrate catabolism, translation elongation factor activity | |||||
| Mitochondria 11.0% | ||||||
| B.cinerea | Plant fungal pathogen | 163 | 267 | Nucleus 36.0% | Mainly enriched in: proteins associated with ribosome, fungal pathogenicity regulated proteins | Gao et al. (2020) |
| Cytosol 25.0% | ||||||
| Mitochondria 27.0% | ||||||
| Shendao 529 rice | Oryza sativa | 339 | 630 | Nucleus 9.9% |
Most massively modified on: Glyoxalase family protein, α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor 2, nonspecific lipid transfer protein 1 Mainly enriched in: starch Biosynthesis, central carbon metabolism |
Meng et al. (2021) |
| Cytosol 33.0% | ||||||
| Mitochondria 9.1% | ||||||
| Chloroplast 38.3% |
GLOD4, glyoxalase domain-containing protein four; Pro No., the number of non-histone lactylated protein; Site No., the number of non-histone lactyllysine site.