TABLE 2.
The clinical characteristics and results of the literature review of the IAV and S. aureus coinfection.
| References | Cases in article | Age at the diagnosis | Sex | Duration of hospitalization (days) | Complication | Drug | Outcome | S. aureus drug resistance | Virulence factor | |
| Boettger et al.(11) | 1 | 21-month-old | NA | 3 | Sepsis, atelectasis, and pleural effusion | Orotracheal tube, central venous catheter insertion, and ventilatory support | Oseltamivir, Ceftriaxone, and clarithromycin | Death | MRSA | icaA, icaB, icaD, SeiO, hla and hlb(+); PVL and TSST-1(−) |
| Sharp et al.(12) | 1 | 9-year-old | Male | 12 | Sepsis and circulatory collapse | ECMO, bronchoscopy | Vancomycin, meropenem, and enteral oseltamivir | Death | MRSA | NA |
| Pugh(13) | 1 | 5-year-old | Male | 30 more | Empyema | Chest tube insertion | Vancomycin, clindamycin, and cefepime | Recovery | MRSA | NA |
| Thomas et al. (14) | 1 | 13-year-old | Female | 8 | Acute necrotizing tracheobronchitis | None | Amoxicillin and codeine | Death | Penicillin susceptible | NA |
| Obando et al.(15) | 1 | 12-year-old | Male | 28 | Empyema and pneumothorax | Thorascopic surgery and chest tube insertion | Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, clarithromycin, linezolid, and oseltamivir | Recovery | MRSA | PVL(+), ACME(+) |
| Barrett et al.(16) | 1 | 17-year-old | Male | 17 | Sepsis | None | Clarithromycin and co-amoxiclav | Recovery | MSSA | PVL(+) |
| Thomas et al.(17) | 1 | 8-month-old | Male | 25 | Pleural effusion | Chest tube insertion | Ampicillin sodium, gentamicin sulfate, and nafcillin sodium | Recovery | NA | NA |
| Tanaka et al.(18) | 1 | 11-month-old | Female | 37 | Empyema, DIC | Thoracentesis and thoracoscopic decortication | Oseltamivir phosphate | Recovery | MSSA | NA |
| CDC (19) | 3 | 10-year-old | Male | 3 | Hypotension and hypoxia | Endotracheal intubation | Ceftriaxone and vancomycin | Death | MRSA | NA |
| 14-year-old | Male | 2 | Sepsis, DIC, and necrotizing pneumonia | Endotracheal intubation | Clarithromycin, penicillin, oseltamivir, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin | Death | MRSA | NA | ||
| 8-year-old | Female | 20 | Renal and hepatic failure, a subpulmonic abscess, respiratory distress, and sepsis | En dotracheal intubation | Azithromycin, dexamethasone, and ceftriaxone | Death | MRSA | NA | ||
| CDC(20) | 5 | 14-year-old | Female | 19 | NA | NA | Oseltamivir | Death | MRSA | NA |
| 13-year-old | Male | 5 | NA | NA | Oseltamivir | Death | MRSA | NA | ||
| 15-year-old | Male | 2 | NA | NA | None | Death | NA | NA | ||
| 9-year-old | Female | 15 | NA | NA | Oseltamivir | Death | MRSA | NA | ||
| 15-year-old | Male | 7 | NA | NA | Oseltamivir | Death | MRSA | NA |