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. 2022 Aug 10;2022:4137578. doi: 10.1155/2022/4137578

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Copyright © 2022 Qiuer Liang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

The effect of QDD on ATF4, fibrosis and autophagy in HG-treated NRK-52E cells. (a) Expression and densitometry analysis of P62 and ATF4 (n = 3). (b) The expression and densitometry analysis of LC3 and Col-IV (n = 3). (c) Representative electronic micrographs and summarized data showing the number of autophagosomes/well in different groups (autophagosomes were counted in 10 randomly selected fields). Autophagic vacuoles are indicated with arrows. Data are presented as the mean ± SD values. ^∗P < 0.05 vs. NG; ^#P < 0.05 vs. HG. NG: low glucose; HG: high glucose.