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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022 May 10;150(3):714–720.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.04.026

Figure 1: Study flow.

Figure 1:

(A) Fifty-nine children ages 4 to 14 years with suspected peanut allergy underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges. Participants who experienced allergy symptoms after eating the 300mg peanut protein dose (equivalent to 1 peanut) or more were classified as high threshold (n=38). Children who reacted to smaller doses were classified as low threshold (n=13), and subjects who did not experience any symptoms to peanut were deemed not peanut allergic (n=8). Saliva and stool samples were collected from all children before challenge. DNA was isolated from saliva (B) and stool (C) for 16s rRNA sequencing, and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were measured in the samples in parallel. Analyses for saliva and stool microbial diversity, discrimination, and their associations with high vs. low thresholds were performed. Next, correlations between microbiota and SCFA levels in both saliva (D) and stool (E) were characterized. The relative abundances of the threshold-associated saliva and stool taxa identified (F), were also assessed among non-peanut-allergic children (G). Figure created with Biorender.com.