Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| All patients (n = 223) | CSP patients (n = 110) | CP patients (n = 113) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 75 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 1 |
| BMI | 29 ± 7 | 29 ± 7 | 30 ± 6 | .53 |
| Male sex | 115 (52%) | 61 (55%) | 54 (48%) | .25 |
| CAD | 89 (40%) | 47 (45%) | 42 (37%) | .7 |
| DM | 55 (25%) | 31 (28%) | 24 (21%) | .71 |
| HTN | 150 (67%) | 85 (77%) | 65 (57%) | .24 |
| AF type | .55 | |||
| Paroxysmal | 48 (21%) | 21 (19%) | 27 (24%) | |
| Persistent | 134 (60%) | 70 (63%) | 64 (57%) | |
| Permanent | 41 (18%) | 19 (17%) | 22 (20%) | |
| Baseline EF (%) | 43 ± 15 | 47 ± 14 | 39 ± 16 | <.01 |
| EF <50% | 114 (51%) | 47 (43%) | 67 (60%) | .01 |
| Baseline QRS duration (ms) | 111 ± 30 | 103 ± 25 | 119 ± 32 | <.01 |
| Baseline QRS morphology | ||||
| Normal QRS | 123 (56%) | 74 (68%) | 49 (43%) | <.01 |
| RBBB | 25 (11%) | 12 (11%) | 13 (12%) | .88 |
| LBBB | 48 (22%) | 11 (10%) | 37 (32%) | <.01 |
| IVCD | 24 (11%) | 12 (11%) | 12 (11%) | .94 |
| Medications | ||||
| Beta blockers | 200 (90%) | 103 (94%) | 97 (86%) | .06 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 35 (16%) | 15 (14%) | 20 (18%) | .4 |
| Digoxin | 55 (25%) | 26 (24%) | 29 (26%) | .6 |
| Antiarrhythmic agents | 147 (66%) | 76 (69%) | 71 (63%) | .32 |
| ARB/ACEI/ARNI | 122 (55%) | 56 (51%) | 66 (58%) | .29 |
AF = atrial fibrillation; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARNI = angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor; BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; CP = conventional pacing; CSP = conduction system pacing; DM = diabetes mellitus; EF = ejection fraction; HTN = hypertension; IVCD = intraventricular conduction delay; LBBB = left bundle branch block; RBBB = right bundle branch block.