Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and MRI characteristics of patients with episodic migraine and HCs
| Episodic migraine | HC | P values | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| N | 27 | 30 | |
| Age | 34.89 ± 9.070 | 35.53 ± 12.153 | 0.820 |
| Female/male | 25/2 | 30/4 | 0.467 |
| Education level | 13.70 ± 4.697 | 14.70 ± 4.473 | 0.416 |
| BMI | 22.13 ± 3.091 | 22.31 ± 2.897 | 0.818 |
| MRI characteristics | |||
| FD (mm) | 0.21 ± 0.247 | 0.13 ± 0.056 | 0.093 |
| TIV (cm3) | 1399.8681 ± 111.56465 | 1426.4777 ± 135.39141 | 0.425 |
| GM (cm3) | 606.4202 ± 45.64292 | 618.1007 ± 50.83728 | 0.367 |
| WM (cm3) | 478.5041 ± 44.96136 | 499.8487 ± 54.89597 | 0.116 |
| CSF (cm3) | 314.1511 ± 64.42272 | 307.7677 ± 58.93003 | 0.698 |
| Migraine characteristics | |||
| Family history | 17/27 | N/A | |
| Disease duration (years) | 11.11 ± 10.165 | N/A | |
| Aura | 7 | N/A | |
| VAS scale | 6.37 ± 1.801 (27/27) | N/A | |
| HIT-6 scale | 60.17 ± 6.218 (24/27) | N/A | |
| HAMA scale | 12.43 ± 8.681 (21/27) | 4.00 ± 4.520 (29/30) | < 0.001* |
| BDI-II scale | 9.53 ± 11.452 (19/27) | 4.38 ± 5.054 (21/30) | 0.069 |
| MoCA scale | 26.00 ± 3.079 (24/27) | N/A | |
| BFI scale | |||
| neuroticism | 32.71 ± 6.663 (24/27) | 30.86 ± 7.901 (21/30) | 0.339 |
| extraversion | 36.04 ± 5.320 (24/27) | 39.90 ± 5.822 (21/30) | 0.025* |
| openness | 36.63 ± 7.756 (24/27) | 38.29 ± 5.755 (21/30) | 0.425 |
| agreeableness | 43.04 ± 3.873 (24/27) | 44.10 ± 3.285 (21/30) | 0.334 |
| conscientiousness | 42.46 ± 7.034 (24/27) | 44.33 ± 4.004 (21/30) | 0.272 |
Abbreviations: HC Healthy control, BMI Body mass index, FD Framewise displacement, TIV Total intracranial volume, GM Grey matter, WM White matter, CSF Cerebrospinal fluid, VAS Visual Analogue Scale, HIT-6 Headache Impact Test, HAMA Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, BFI Big Five Inventory
Data are shown as the mean ± SD
* P < 0.05