Table 2.
Comparison of glycemic parameters, lipid profile, lipid risk factors and other biochemical markers between diabetes mellitus (DM) patients on treatment) with and without hypertension (HTN)
| Variables | Control Group (DM without HTN) (n = 92) |
Test Group (DM with HTN) (n = 88) |
P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glycaemic Parameters | |||
| FSG (mg/dL) | 121.04 ± 34.65 | 126.62 ± 29.49 | 0. 247 |
| HbA1c (g%) | 6.92 ± 0.56 | 7,15 ± 0.60 | 0.475 |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 19.59 ± 12.82 | 25.82 ± 11.09 | 0. 001 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.80 ± 4.09 | 8.26 ± 4.60 | 0. 000 |
| Lipid profile | |||
| TC (mg /dL) | 152.28 ± 34.21 | 161.99 ± 41.27 | 0.093 |
| HDL C (mg /dL) | 37.96 ± 6.88 | 34.66 ± 4.43 | 0.000 |
| LDL C (mg /dL) | 87.45 ± 32.13 | 97.05 ± 37.02 | 0.070 |
| TG (mg /dL) | 141.26 ± 63.83 | 151.31 ± 73.61 | 0.338 |
| VLDL C (mg /dL) | 29.55 ± 14.76 | 30.26 ± 14.72 | 0.754 |
| Lipid risk factors | |||
| Non HDL-C (mg/dL) | 117.01 ± 34.94 | 127.32 ± 39.83 | 0.072 |
| TG/ HDL- C # | 3,85 ± 1.95 | 4.41 ± 2.13 | 0.072 |
| TC/ HDL-C # | 4.06 ± 0.87 | 4.69 ± 1.17 | 0.000 |
| LDL-C/ HDL-C # | 2.32 ± 0.80 | 2.81 ± 1.08 | 0.001 |
| AIP | 0.53 ± 0.21 | 0.59 ± 0.20 | 0.042 |
| Other biochemical markers | |||
| TNF-α (pg/ml) # | 19.85 ± 8.89 | 25.29 ± 13.73 | 0.004 |
| Osteoprotegerin (pg/mL) # | 223.08 ± 103.86 | 287.60 ± 121.36 | 0.001 |
The values are expressed as Mean ± SD for parametric data. Comparison between the groups was done by unpaired Student’s t-test for parametric data and by Mann–Whitney U test for non-parametric data (#). P Value < 0.05 was considered significant
FSG Fasting serum glucose, HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, HDL High density lipoprotein, LDL Low density lipoprotein, VLDL Very low-density lipoprotein, Non HDL-C Non HDL cholesterol, AIP Atherogenic index of plasma = log10[TG/ HDL- C], TNF- α Tumor necrosis factor alpha, OPG Osteoprotegerin