Table 1.
Case series characterization. ChAdOx1: Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19, AZD1222); BNT162b2: Pfizer-BioN-Tech; CS: glucocorticoid pulse therapy; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale; Gd: gadolinium; na: not applicable; PLEX: plasma exchange. + feature present; - feature not present. * Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (ELISA, Euroimmun AG).
|
MSpostvacc cohort |
MOGADpostvacc patient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | |
| Clinical data | ||||||
| 1st COVID-19 vaccination | BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | ChAdOx1 | ChAdOx1 |
| Clinical onset after 1st COVID-19 vaccination (days) | 6 | na | 12 | na | 8 | 8 |
| 2nd COVID-19 vaccination | na | BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | BNT162b2 | ChAdOx1 | BNT162b2 |
| Clinical onset after 2nd COVID-19 vaccination (days) | na | 5 | na | 1 | na | na |
| First EDSS | 3.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Clinical manifestation | spinal cord | brain/ brainstem |
optic nerve | optic nerve | brain/ brainstem |
brain/ brainstem |
| Acute therapy | 2x CS, PLEX | na | 2x CS | 1x CS | 3x CS | 1x CS |
| EDSS follow-up (weeks after onset) |
3.5 (12) |
3.0 (5) |
1.0 (13) |
3.0 (32) |
3.5 (15) |
1.5 (21) |
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| CSF cell count (per μl) (days after COVID-19 vaccination) |
7 (17) |
4 (20) |
6 (26) |
4 (23) |
7 (84) |
106 (11) |
| CSF-specific OCB | positive | positive | positive | positive | positive | negative |
| AQP4-IgG/MOG-IgG | negative/negative | na/negative | negative/negative | negative/negative | negative/negative | negative/positive |
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA (IgG)* (days after vaccination) |
4.6 (18) |
9.6 (35) |
8.2 (62) |
na |
2.7 (48) |
3.6 (37) |
| MRI data | ||||||
| Cerebral MRI | ||||||
| Time interval cMRT to onset (days) | 16 | 9 | 25 | 6 | 81 | 5 |
| MS specific T2w-hyperintens lesions periventricular | + | + | + | + | + | − |
| MS specific T2w-hyperintens lesions (juxta-) cortical | + | − | + | + | + | − |
| MS specific T2w-hyperintens lesions infratentorial | + | + | + | − | + | − |
| unspecific T2w-hyperintens lesions unspecific/subcortical | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| T2w-hyperintens N. opticus | − | − | + | + | − | − |
| T2w-hyperintens lesions spinal | − | − | − | + | − | − |
| Gd-enhancement | − | 2 (pons, corpus callosum) |
na | 1 (juxtacortical) |
1 (periventricular) |
− |
| Number of lesions | >20 | 3 | 7 | confluent | confluent | confluent |
| Spinal MRI | ||||||
| Time interval sMRT to onset (days) | 11 | 27 | 92 | 7 | 75 | 7 |
| Number of T2w-hyperintens lesions cervical spinal cord | na | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| Number of T2w-hyperintens lesions thoracic spinal cord | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | na | 0 |
| Gd-enhancement | + | na | − | na | na | − |
| Dissemination in time on MRI | + | + | − | + | + | − |
| Dissemination in space on MRI | + | + | + | + | + | na |