Table 2.
Participant Characteristics
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Household characteristicsa | |
| Wealth Quintile (N = 1299) | |
| Lowest | 243 (18.7) |
| Second | 260 (20.0) |
| Middle | 292 (22.5) |
| Fourth | 243 (18.7) |
| Highest | 261 (20.1) |
| Months of adequate food provisioning (MAHFP) (N = 1347) | |
| For up to 7 months | 169 (12.5) |
| For 8 to 11 months | 312 (23.2) |
| For 12 months | 866 (64.3) |
| Migration of at least one household member (N = 1343) | |
| No | 654 (48.7) |
| Yes | 689 (51.3) |
| Household size (N = 1340) | |
| 1–5 members | 311 (23.2) |
| 6–10 members | 806 (60.1) |
| ≥ 11 members | 223 (16.6) |
| Health care access (N = 1250) | |
| No | 1077 (86.2) |
| Yes | 173 (13.8) |
| Ethnicity/Caste (N = 1352) | |
| Dalit/Muslim (most disadvantaged group) | 418 (30.9) |
| Janajati/other terai caste (Sudi/Teli) | 639 (47.3) |
| Yadav/Brahmin (least disadvantaged group) | 295 (21.8) |
| Religion (N = 1352) | |
| Hindu | 1194 (88.3) |
| Non-Hindu (mostly Muslim) | 158 (11.7) |
| Parental characteristicsa | |
| Maternal age, mean (SD) (N = 1351) | 26.5 (5.0) |
| 15–24 years | 521 (38.6) |
| 25–34 years | 729 (54.0) |
| 35–45 years | 101 (7.5) |
| No of previous pregnancies (N = 1351) | |
| One | 430 (31.8) |
| Two | 366 (27.1) |
| Three | 256 (18.9) |
| Four or more | 299 (22.1) |
| Maternal education (N = 1352) | |
| Never went to school | 1097 (81.1) |
| Primary | 98 (7.2) |
| Secondary and above | 157 (11.6) |
| Mother’s literacy (N = 1345) | |
| Cannot read or with some difficulty | 1107 (82.3) |
| Can read easily | 238 (17.7) |
| Father’s education (N = 1352) | |
| Never went to school | 867 (64.1) |
| Primary | 161 (11.9) |
| Secondary and above | 324 (24.0) |
| Antenatal visits (N = 1352) | |
| None | 435 (32.2) |
| 1–3 visits | 642 (47.5) |
| 4 + | 275 (20.3) |
| Place of delivery (N = 1326) | |
| Home | 1038 (78.3) |
| Health facility | 288 (21.7) |
| Child characteristics | |
| Child sex (N = 1352) | |
| Male | 723 (53.5) |
| Female | 629 (46.5) |
| Child age group in days at 6-week interview a, median (IQR)b (N = 1360) | 46 (34) |
| < 46 days | 678 (49.9) |
| 46 to 91 days | 503 (37.0) |
| 92 to 182 days (3–5 months) | 135 (9.9) |
| 183 to 366 days (6–12 months) | 44 (3.2) |
| Children age in months at follow-upc median (IQR) (N = 1352) | 38 (29.7) |
| 7–11 | 124 (9.2) |
| 12–23 | 288 (21.3) |
| 24–35 | 219 (16.2) |
| 36–47 | 300 (22.2) |
| 48–59 | 421 (31.1) |
| Trial allocation (N = 1352) | |
| Control | 459 (34.0) |
| Women’s group only | 372 (28.0) |
| Women’s group and sepsis | 320 (23.7) |
| Sepsis only | 201 (14.9) |
aCollected in the post-neonatal period when the index child was median 46 days old
bIQR Interquartile Range
cCollected in the follow-up cross-sectional survey questionnaire when the child was median age 38 month