Table 3.
Model results for costs of untreated MMHCs (in millions of dollars) for the 2019 birth cohort: Mothers by race/ethnicity group
| Outcomes | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal costs | |||
| Productivity losses | 169.5 | 189.4 | 229.0 |
| Suicide | 8.0 | 2.4 | 3.6 |
| Preeclampsiaa | 8.8 | 8.8 | 16.6 |
| Cesarean deliverya | 14.7 | 9.5 | 22.7 |
| Peripartum staya | 8.7 | 5.3 | 13.5 |
| Non-obstetric health expenditures | 122.7 | 117.5 | 211.0 |
| Benefit receipt | 5.6 | 5.0 | 10.3 |
| Child costs | |||
| Preterm birtha | 89.2 | 74.0 | 149.2 |
| Suboptimal breastfeedinga | 1.6 | 1.0 | 2.5 |
| SIDS | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Behavioral and developmental disorders | 154.9 | 93.9 | 238.9 |
| Obesity | 1.1 | 0.6 | 2.2 |
| Asthma | 4.5 | 11.4 | 17.5 |
| Injury | 7.1 | 3.3 | 7.1 |
| Emergency department visits | 5.3 | 0.8 | 8.1 |
| Non-attendance of well-child care visits | -3.3 | -2.0 | -4.9 |
| Total societal costs for one birth cohort (millions of $) | 599 | 521 | 928 |
| Cost per mother–child pair with an MMHC in the first year post-delivery ($) | 18,941 | 27,308 | 19,327 |
| Cost per mother–child pair with an MMHC in the first two years post-delivery ($) | 23,784 | 34,209 | 24,131 |
| Cost per mother–child pair with an MMHC, averaged over the first two years post-delivery ($) | 11,892 | 17,105 | 12,066 |
| Cost per mother–child pair with an MMHC in the first five years post-delivery ($) | 43,106 | 61,671 | 43,322 |
| Cost per mother–child pair with an MMHC, averaged over the six years from conception through the first five years post-delivery ($) | 7,184 | 10,279 | 7,220 |