Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Sample size, n (T/C) | Age, year (mean ±SD) | Course of disease, year (mean ±SD) | TC intervention | Control group | Treatment sessions, n | Total treatment course, week | Primary outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TC group | Control group | TC group | Control group | |||||||
| Gao et al. (2014) | 37/39 | 69.54 ± 7.32 | 68.28 ± 8.53 | 9.15 ± 8.58 | 8.37 ± 8.24 | 24-form | NA | 36 | 12 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Ji et al. (2016) | 16/16 | 56.06 ± 11.16 | 59.13 ± 11.22 | 2.09 ± 1.07 | 2.28 ± 1.18 | 8-form CS | NA | 84 | 12 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Lu (2017) | 8/8 | 67.75 ± 6.84 | 68.20 ± 7.32 | 2.41 ± 0. 48 | 2.02 ± 0. 52 | 24-form | NA | 40 | 8 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Luan (2020) | 13/13 | 64.08 ± 3.95 | 63.46 ± 4.33 | NA | NA | TCEP | Stretching and walking | 48 | 16 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Wang et al. (2016) | 40/40 | 67.6 ± 8.4 | 68.0 ± 8.5 | NA | NA | 24-form | NA | 224 | 16 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| You and She (2020) | 35/35 | 68.81 ± 5.02 | 68.49 ± 5.27 | 4.21 ± 0.24 | 4.17 ± 0.35 | TCEP | Stretching and walking | 48 | 24 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Zhu et al. (2011) | 19/19 | 63.35 ± 8.72 | 64.83 ± 9.29 | 2.72 ± 1.95 | 2.78 ± 2.29 | 24-form | Walking | 20 | 4 | UPDRSIII, BBS |
| Amano et al. (2013) | 15/15 | 66 ± 11 | 66 ± 7 | 8 ± 5 | D.5 ± 3 | 8-form YS | NA | 32 | 16 | UPDRSIII |
| Choi et al. (2013) | 11/9 | 60.81 ± 7.6 | 65.54 ± 6.8 | 5.2 ± 2.7 | 5.2 ± 2.7 | TCEP | NA | 12 | 12 | UPDRSIII |
| Deng (2020) | 30/30 | 54.5 ± 1.2 | 54.4 ± 1.3 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 24-form | Na | 60 | 12 | BBS |
| Guan et al. (2016) | 31/31 | 70.23 ± 4.24 | 69.71 ± 4.13 | 4.43 ± 3.17 | 4.28 ± 3.25 | 24-form | Na | 48 | 12 | BBS |
| Guan et al. (2017) | 40/40 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 24-form | Walking | 120 | 24 | BBS |
| Guan et al. (2018) | 40/40 | 69.46 ± 5.45 | 68.61 ± 6.22 | 1.52 ± 0.25 | 1.50 ± 0.32 | 24-form | NA | 96 | 24 | BBS |
| Li et al. (2017) | 30/30 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 24-form | NA | 48 | 12 | BBS |
| Li et al. (2012) | 65/65 | A.68 ± 9 | 69 ± 9 | A.8 ± 9 | B.8 ± 9 C.6 ± 5 | 8-form YS | Stretching | 48 | 24 | UPDRSIII |
| Vergara-Diaz et al. (2018) | 12/13 | 65.7 ± 3.86 | 62 ± 7.77 | 2.9 ± 2.38 | 2.9 ± 2.20 | TCEP | NA | 48 | 24 | UPDRSIII |
| Wang (2015) | 16/15 | 68.44 ± 4.604 | 68.20 ± 3.342 | 4.81 ± 2.287 | 4.93 ± 2.086 | 24-form | Walking | 16 | 8 | UPDRSIII |
| Xiao et al. (2021) | 20/20 | 72.78 ± 2.63 | 72.58 ± 2.62 | 1.07 ± 0.17 | 1.08 ± 0.16 | 24-form | NA | 96 | 24 | BBS |
| Zhu (2017) | 8/8 | 63.50 ± 6.78 | 61.50 ± 5.63 | 4.75 ± 2.43 | 3.88 ± 1.81 | TCEP | Stretching and walking | 48 | 24 | UPDRSIII |
| Chen et al. (2016) | 15/15 | 68.1 ± 8.2 | 68.2 ± 8.1 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.6 | TCEP | NA | 8 | 8 | UPDRSIII, BBS |