Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 26.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Sens. 2022 Aug 5;7(8):2262–2272. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00788

Figure 1. Principle of single cell phenotypic feature tracking for rapid E. coli detection and differentiation from 1 μm polystyrene beads.

Figure 1.

(A) Schematic illustration of the experimental setup for single E. coli imaging and temporal trajectory tracking. (B) E. coli rotation-induced scattering intensity fluctuation tracking compared to 1 μm beads. (C) Sub-pixel motion tracking of single E. coli compared to 1 μm beads. (D) Characterization of E. coli cell population from single cell phenotypic features including intensity fluctuation (Normalized Intensity Standard Deviation, NISD) (from panel B) and micro-motion (MSD, mean square displacement) (from panel C).