Table 1.
Characteristics of completed patients
| Severity group 1 n = 209 |
Severity group 2 n = 23 |
Severity group 3 n = 52 |
Total n = 284 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 59.9 (12.5) | 61.4 (10.7) | 62.7 (9.6) | 60.5 (11.9) | 0.28 |
| Male sex | 105 (50.2%) | 14 (60.9%) | 38 (73.1%) | 157 (55.3%) | 0.01 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.0 (4.8) | 27.3 (4.1) | 28.0 (4.4) | 28.0 (4.7) | 0.75 |
| Never-smoker | 122 (58.4%) | 17 (73.9%) | 25 (48.1%) | 164 (57.7%) | 0.14 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Pulmonary diseasea | 39 (18.7%) | 4 (17.4%) | 7 (13.5%) | 50 (17.6%) | 0.69 |
| Hypertension | 82 (39.2%) | 5 (21.7%) | 25 (48.1%) | 112 (39.4%) | 0.09 |
| Diabetes | 30 (14.4%) | 1 (4.3%) | 10 (19.2%) | 41 (14.4%) | 0.26 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 21 (10.0%) | 3 (13%) | 4 (7.7%) | 28 (9.9%) | 0.74 |
| Admission RALE score | 3.2 (1.6) | 4.1 (1.5) | 4.3 (1.7) | 3.5 (1.7) | < 0.001 |
| Peak RALE score | 3.2 (1.6) | 4.2 (1.8) | 6.0 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.6) | < 0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 9.2 (5.1) | 19.9 (6.4) | 43.6 (27.5) | 16.5 (18.4) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory findingsb | |||||
| Lymphocytes, × 109/L | 1.0 (0.5) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
| LDH, U/L | 514.0 (224.8) | 592.5 (221.7) | 873.8 (360.1) | 590.7 (291.8) | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 81.7 (79.9) | 222.3 (120.2) | 234.5 (145.4) | 121.3 (118.4) | < 0.001 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 838.2 (713.6) | 1506.1 (1031.9) | 2133.3 (1469.0) | 1151.3 (1064.2) | < 0.001 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 6.4 (1.6) | 8.2 (2.2) | 21.8 (82.6) | 9.5 (36.2) | 0.08 |
| D-dimer, ng/mL | 1957.6 (4280.8) | 3106.3 (4984.6) | 10,994.5 (10,535.6) | 3631.2 (6796.3) | < 0.001 |
Data are n (%) or mean (SD). Severity group 1: mild. Severity group 2: moderate. Severity group 3: severe
BMI body mass index, RALE radiographic assessment of lung edema, LDH lactate dehydrogenase
aPulmonary disease: asthma, obstructive sleep apnea
bAll laboratory findings are peak values except for lymphocytes which is the lowest value