Table 3. Predictors and hazard ratios (95% CI) for doubling of serum creatinine in the five-year follow-up in patients with diabetes.
| Variables | Unadjusted Hazard Ratio (95%CI) | P-value | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95%CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years): | <60 | 1 | 1 | 0.623 | |
| ≥60 | 1.78 (0.92–3.45) | 0.088 | 1.23 (0.55–2.75) | ||
| DM duration (years): | <5 | 1 | |||
| ≥5 | 27.01(0.57–1274.1) | 0.094 | |||
| HTN duration (years.) | <5 | 1 | 1 | 0.810 | |
| ≥5 | 1.94 (0.81–4.64) | 0.137 | 1.12 (0.44–2.85) | ||
| Initial DBP (mmHg): | <80 | 1 | 1 | 0.12 | |
| ≥80 | 0.42 (0.21–0.85) | 0.015 | 0.513 (0.22–1.19) | ||
| Initial DM agents: | Metformin | 1 | |||
| NPH | 3.89 (0.84–18.01) | ||||
| Glibenclamide | 15.05 (2.75–82.28) | 0.002 | |||
| Metformin+glibinclamide | 2.36 (0.51–10.92) | ||||
| Metformin +NPH | 6.38 (1.4–29.12) | 0.017 | |||
| Metformin+glibinclamide+NPH | 8.02 (1.6–39.79) | 0.011 | |||
| Initial renal events: | No | 1 | 1 | 0.077 | |
| Yes | 3.01 (0.93–9.76) | 0.067 | 3.29 (0.879–12.299) | ||
| Mean dose of NPH [23]: | <30 | 1 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.013* |
| ≥30 | 2.35 (1.15–4.82) | 3.29 (1.28–8.44) | |||
| Lipid lowering agents: | Atorvastatin | 1 | 1 | 0.051 | |
| Simvastatin | 0.737 (0.379–1.432) | 0.368 | 0.48 (0.214–1.09) | ||
| Lovastatin | 0.471 (0.141–1.57) | 0.22 | 0.125 (0.015–1.023) | ||
* Indicates, variables at P < 0.05.