Table 1.

Table 1

miRNA	Expression	Target	Function	Biospecimen origin	Reference
miR-199a-5p	Upregulated	CAV1	Activation of Lung Fibroblast through TGF-β	lung tissue of IPF patients, BLM-mouse	[37]
miR-26a	Downregulated	HMGA2	Induces Epithelial to mesenchymal transition	BLM-mouse, A549 cells	[38]
miR-9-5p	Upregulated	TGFBR2	Inhibits pro-fibrogenic transformation of fibroblasts and prevent organ fibrosis	BLM mouse, IPF lung	[39]
miR-130a-3p	Downregulated	PPARγ	regulation of profibrotic gene in macrophages	BLM-mouse, IPF patient’s macrophage	[40]
miR-21	Upregulated	ADAMTS-1	Increases Col1 and Col3 and promotes lung fibrosis	PB of IPF patients and BLM-Rat	[41]
miR-185, miR-186	Downregulated	COL5A1	EMT transition and Collagen V	IPF lung, A549 and HCC827 cells	[42]
miR-1307-3p	Upregulated	3’ UTR of SARS-CoV-2, BCL2, PI3K	Suppression of endocytosis, exocytosis, proliferative, and diabetes signaling pathways	Lung tissue	[43]
miR-29c	Downregulated	Fas	Cessation of Fas mediated apoptosis	lung fibroblast, IPF lungs	[44]
miR-34a	Upregulated	SIRT1	Cellular senescence inhibition	Alveolar epithelial cell and lung fibroblast	[45]
miR-155	Upregulated	SHIP-1, liver X receptor, Mep1a	EMT transition, collagen synthesis	HU-VEC, NR8383 murine monocytes/macrophage cells, Mouse primary lung endothelial cells	[46–48]
miR-199	Upregulated	Caveolin-1	Promotes proliferation & differentiation	Mouse Model, MR-5, hFL1, A549, HEK-293	[49], [50]
miR-328	Upregulated	FAM13A	Promotes proliferation and increases the expression of PF markers	Rat-model, Macrophages, Lung fibroblasts	[51]
Let-7	Downregulated	LOX1 HMGA2	Reduces cell damage	Mouse MLE-12, A549, RLE-6TN Human lung samples	[52]
MiR-193	Downregulated	SHH	Increases autophagy and inhibits fibrinogen expression	Mouse, A549	[53]
MiR-708	Downregulated	ADAM17	Inhibits cell differentiation	Mouse A549, MRC-5 Human Lung Samples	[54]