Table 2.

Aire-interacting partners and their functional roles.

Aire’s partner	Molecular mechanisms	Functional roles	References
ATF7ip; MBD1	Methylates CpG dinucleotides	Target specific TSA genomic loci	(21, 22)
DNA-PK; TOP2; PARP-1; FACT; Ku	Induction and religation of single- and double-strand DNA breaks, removing and reassembling histones around RNA polymerase	Transcriptional elongation	(23, 24)
P-TEFb; HnRNPL	Release of stalled RNA polymerase	Transcriptional elongation, pre-mRNA splicing	(25, 26)
CBP Sirt1	Acetylation of lysine Deacetylation of lysine	Transactivation Transcriptional activation	(27, 28) (29, 30)

ATF7ip, activating transcription factor 7-interacting protein; MBD1, methyl CpG-binding protein 1; DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase; TOP2, topoisomerase 2a; PARP-1, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; FACT, facilitates chromatin transcription; Ku, Ku80; P-TEFb, positive transcription elongation factor b; CBP, CREB-binding protein; Sirt1, Sirtuin-1.