TABLE 3.
Summary of applied models for CAR‐T cell therapy
| Articles | Type of models | Model application |
|---|---|---|
| Stein et al. 2019 59 | Population model for cellular kinetics | Assess the impact of tocilizumab therapy on the kinetics of in vivo tisagenlecleucel expansion |
| Liu et al. 2021 58 | Population model for cellular kinetics using seven clinical trials | Analyze systematic of the factors influencing CAR‐T therapy in humans |
| Singh et al. 2020 99 | Multiscale, mechanistic cellular kinetic‐pharmacodynamic model using a preclinical literature data | Analyze the CAR‐T cell activities in in vitro and in vivo preclinical models |
| Mueller et al. 2018 22 | Noncompartmental analysis quantifying dose‐exposure‐response relationship | Characterize the clinical pharmacology of tisagenlecleucel in B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| Awasthi et al. 2020 68 | Noncompartmental analysis quantifying dose‐exposure‐response relationship | Characterize the Tisagenlecleucel cellular kinetics, dose, and immunogenicity |
| Hardiansyah et al. 2019 97 | Quantitative system pharmacology model for CAR‐T cell | To quantify the relationships among CAR‐T doses, disease burden, and proinflammatory cytokines in human and to gain relevant insights into the determinant of clinical toxicity/efficacy in development of CAR‐T therapy |
| Kimmel et al. 2021 100 | Mathematical model quantifying the roles of T‐cell competition and stochastic extinction events in CAR‐T cell therapy | Assess T‐cell and CAR‐T cell dynamic and the resulting tumor cell dynamics |
| Barros et al. 2021 90 | Mathematical model characterizing CAR‐T immunotherapy in preclinical models | To describe tumor response to CAR‐T cell immunotherapy in immunodeficient mouse models |
| Yiu et al. 2021 94 | Mathematical model characterizing the dynamics of a cytokine storm | To study the effects of inhibiting individual cytokines, to predict the effects of different TGN1412 infusion rates, and to reveal effects of empirical uncertainty |
| Sahoo et al. 2020 91 | Modeling of cellular kinetics ‐pharmacodynamic | To quantitatively study the factors that contribute to the efficacy of CAR T‐cell therapy in solid tumors |