Table 2.

Antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms, and general anxiety and pregnancy related anxiety symptoms in women with and without gestational anemia. The values given are unadjusted median (minimum – maximum) or n (%) in each group, the estimated difference of the mean scores (B) or the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the risk of postpartum depression between the anemic and non-anemic women from a linear or logistic regression models

	Hb < 110 g/l during pregnancy N = 301	Hb ≥ 110 g/l during pregnancy N = 972	B/ORa	CI 95%	p-value
Antenatal depressive symptoms
EPDS  Early pregnancy	5.0 (0–26)	5.0 (0–27)	0.24	-0.37–0.85	0.446
EPDS  Mid-pregnancy	4.0 (0–22)	4.0 (0–25)	-0.11	-0.73–0.52	0.740
EPDS  Late pregnancy	4.0 (0–19)	4.0 (0–19)	0.15	-0.49–0.79	0.642
EPDS ≥ 10  Late pregnancy	28/189 (14.8%)	95 (13.6%)	OR 0.96	0.59–1.57	0.882
Postpartum depressive symptoms
EPDS  3 months postpartum	4.0 (0–17)	3.0 (0–21)	0.30	-0.38–0.98	0.381
EPDS  6 months postpartum	3.0 (0–24)	3.0 (0–22)	0.11	-0.72–0.94	0.795
EPDS ≥ 10  3 months postpartum	16/167 (9.6%)	60 (9.9%)	OR 1.01	0.54–1.85	0.988
EPDS ≥ 10  6 months postpartum	20/139 (14.4%)	55 (10.7%)	OR 1.32	0.75–2.31	0.334
Antenatal general and pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms
SCL  Early pregnancy	3.0 (0–30)	2.0 (0–28)	0.62	0.02–1.23	0.043*
SCL  Mid-pregnancy	3.0 (0–21)	3.0 (0–29)	0.19	-0.47–0.85	0.575
SCL  Late pregnancy	2.0 (0–25)	2.0 (0–27)	0.10	-0.55–0.76	0.756
PRAQ  Early pregnancy	21.0 (12–40)	22.0 (11–45)	-0.10	-2.45–2.25	0.933
PRAQ  Mid-pregnancy	22.0 (10–43)	23.0 (10–46)	-1.17	-2.22– (-0.12)	0.029*
PRAQ  Late pregnancy	24.0 (10–50)	23.0 (10–49)	-0.35	-1.45–0.75	0.535
Postnatal anxiety symptoms
SCL  3 months postpartum	1.0 (0–17)	1.0 (0–24)	0.23	-0.40–0.86	0.469
SCL  6 months postpartum	1.0 (0–20)	1.0 (0–29)	0.16	-0.63–0.94	0.693

EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, SCL Symptom Checklist-90 score, PRAQ (Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire score

^aAdjusted for maternal age, parity and smoking during pregnancy, maternal education, gestational age