Table 3.

Antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms, and general anxiety and pregnancy related anxiety symptoms in women with and without severe gestational anemia. The values given are unadjusted median (minimum – maximum) or n (%) in each group, the estimated difference of the mean scores (B) or the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the risk of postpartum depression between the anemic and non-anemic women from a linear or logistic regression models

	Hb < 100 g/l during pregnancy N = 39	Hb ≥ 100 g/l during pregnancy N = 1182	B/ORa	CI 95%	p-value
Antenatal depressive symptoms
EPDS  Early pregnancy	5.0 (2–18)	5.0 (0–27)	0.99	-0.62–2.60	0.226
EPDS  Mid-pregnancy	6.5 (1–20)	4.0 (0–25)	1.63	-0.08–3.33	0.062
EPDS  Late pregnancy	5.8 (2–15)	4.0 (0–19)	1.70	-0.14–3.54	0.070
EPDS ≥ 10  Late pregnancy	5/18 (27.8%)	112 (13.2%)	OR 1.78	0.55–5.81	0.336
Postpartum depressive symptoms
EPDS  3 months postpartum	5.0 (0–10)	3.0 (0–21)	1.22	-0.57–3.00	0.182
EPDS  6 months postpartum	4.0 (0–14)	3.0 (0–23)	0.38	-1.67–2.43	0.715
EPDS ≥ 10  3 months postpartum	3/19 (15.8%)	69 (9.5%)	OR 1.90	0.52–6.94	0.328
EPDS ≥ 10  6 months postpartum	2/17 (11.8%)	69 (11.2%)	OR 0.78	0.17–3.58	0.748
Antenatal general and pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms
SCL  Early pregnancy	3.0 (0–14)	2.0 (0–28)	0.77	-0.81–2.35	0.339
SCL  Mid-pregnancy	4.5 (0–15)	3.0 (0–29)	1.64	-0.15–3.43	0.073
SCL  Late pregnancy	5.5 (0–14)	2.0 (0–27)	2.10	0.22–3.98	0.028*
PRAQ  Early pregnancy	24.5 (11–40)	22.0 (11–45)	1.73	-10.65–14.10	0.783
PRAQ  Mid-pregnancy	27.0 (12–34)	23.0 (10–46)	1.89	-0.97–4.76	0.195
PRAQ  Late pregnancy	-	23.0 (10–50)
Postnatal anxiety symptoms
SCL  3 months postpartum	2.0 (0–9)	1.0 (0–24)	0.97	-0.69–2.64	0.252
SCL  6 months postpartum	2.0 (0–13)	1.0 (0–29)	1.24	-0.72–3.19	0.214

EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, SCL Symptom Checklist-90 score, PRAQ (Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire score

^aAdjusted for maternal age, smoking during pregnancy, parity, maternal education, and gestational age