Table 4.
Driveline Infection: Incidence and Management Strategies by Era (N = 87)
| Entire cohort | Era 1 | Era 2 | Era 3 | Era 4 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Number of patients | 87 | 21 | 42 | 12 | 12 | |
| Time to DLI development, days* | 403 [530] | 442 [618] | 397.5 [463.2] | 404.5 [464.2] | 378 [303.7] | 0.8557 |
| Time to initiation of antibiotics, days* | 0 [3] | 0 [7] | 0 [3.25] | 0 [1] | 0 [0.5] | 0.2617 |
| Initial antibiotic strategy | 0.0647 | |||||
| Oral, n (%) | 54 (62.07) | 18 (85.71) | 23 (54.76) | 7 (58.33) | 6 (50.00) | |
| IV, n (%) | 33 (37.93) | 3 (14.29) | 19 (45.24) | 5 (41.67) | 6 (50.00) | |
| CAS, n (%) | 57 (65.52) | 11 (52.38) | 27 (64.29) | 9 (75.00) | 10 (83.33) | 0.5076 |
| Abdominal CT scan within 30 days of DLI diagnosis, n (%) | 33 (37.93) | 4 (19.05) | 19 (45.24) | 5 (41.67) | 5 (41.67) | 0.7454 |
| Incision and drainage ≤30 days from DLI diagnosis, n (%) | 13 (14.94) | 1 (4.76) | 6 (14.29) | 3 (25.00) | 3 (25.00) | 0.4496 |
| Wound VAC, ≤30 days from DLI diagnosis, n (%) | 12 (13.79) | 1 (4.76) | 6 (14.28) | 2 (16.67) | 3 (25.00) | 0.5385 |
| Incision and drainage >30 days after DLI diagnosis, n (%) | 25 (28.74) | 6 (28.57) | 7 (16.67) | 6 (50.00) | 6 (50.00) | 0.3926 |
| Wound VAC >30 days from DLI diagnosis, n (%) | 23 (26.44) | 4 (19.05) | 7 (16.67) | 6 (50.00) | 6 (50.00) | 0.1500 |
| Driveline re-routing, n (%) | 2 (2.30) | 2 (9.52) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.0690 |
| Device exchange due to DLI, n (%) | 5 (5.75) | 1 (4.76) | 4 (9.52) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.3007 |
*
Data presented as median (interquartile range).
CAS, chronic antibiotic suppression; CT, computed tomography; DLI, driveline infection; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; VAC, vacuum-assisted closure.