Table 4.
Risk Factors for Advanced Liver Disease in HBsAg-Negative Adults
| Variables | Cases With Advanced Liver Disease, No. (%) (n = 82) | Healthy Controls From General Population, No. (%) (n = 330) | Crude OR | Adjusted ORa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | |||
| Age, y | ||||||
| <45 | 23 (29) | 150 (45) | 1.0 | .01 | 1.0 | .1 |
| ≥45 | 55 (71) | 180 (55) | 2.0 (1.2–3.4) | 1.6 (.9–2.8) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 24 (29) | 201 (61) | 1.0 | <.001 | 1.0 | <.001 |
| Male | 58(71) | 129 (39) | 3.8 (2.2–6.4) | 1.6 (2.5–8.4) | ||
| Alcohol | ||||||
| Never | 71 (89) | 305 (93) | 1.0 | .2 | ||
| Ever | 9 (11) | 22 (7) | 1.8 (.8–4.0) | |||
| Family history | ||||||
| No | 80 (98) | 324 (98) | 1.0 | .7 | ||
| Yes | 2 (2) | 6 (2) | 1.4 (.3–6.8) | |||
| Anti-HCV | ||||||
| Negative | 64 (81) | 320 (97) | 1.0 | <.001 | 1.0 | <.001 |
| Positive | 15 (19) | 9 (3) | 8.3 (3.5–19.9) | 10.8 (4.0–29.2) | ||
| Anti-HIV | ||||||
| Negative | 78 (96) | 317 (96) | 1.0 | .9 | ||
| Positive | 3 (4) | 12 (4) | 1.0 (.3–3.7) | |||
| OBI | ||||||
| Negative | 67 (82) | 299 (91) | 1.0 | .03 | 1.0 | .006 |
| Positive | 15 (18) | 31 (9) | 2.2 (1.1–4.2) | 2.8 (1.3–6.0) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OBI, occult hepatitis B infection; OR, odds ratio.
aModel included age, sex, anti-HCV, and OBI.