Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Case-Control Study
| Characteristic | HIV Cases | Controls | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 25 | 100 | |
| Age, y, median (25th–75th percentile) | 22 (20.0–26.5) | 23 (20.0–26.0) | .78a |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (25th–75th percentile) | 26 (21.1–27.9) | 26 (22.8–30.8) | .22a |
| Time point for sample collection prior to HIV seroconversion, mo, median (25th–75th percentile) | 6 (3.0–12.0) | 6 (3.0–12.0) | >.99a |
| Genital infection, n (%) | |||
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 8 (32.0) | 20 (20.4) | .28b |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 3 (12.0) | 6 (6.1) | .39b |
| Herpes simplex virus type 2 | |||
| Negative | 5 (20.0) | 42 (42.9) | .11c |
| Indeterminate | 4 (16.0) | 11 (11.2) | |
| Positive | 16 (64.0) | 45 (45.9) | |
| Demographics/sexual risk behaviors, n (%) | |||
| Condomless sex in previous 3 mo | 20 (80.0) | 61 (61.0) | .10b |
| Condom usage with last vaginal sex among women who had sex | 12 (52.2) | 50 (55.0) | .82b |
| Vaginal bleeding during sex | 2 (11.1) | 3 (4.8) | .31b |
| >1 partner in previous 3 mo | 3 (12.0) | 4 (4.0) | .14b |
| Marital status | |||
| Never married | 16 (64.0) | 75 (75.0) | .32b |
| Married | 9 (36.0) | 25 (25.0) | |
| Education | |||
| Primary school education | 7 (28.0) | 18 (18.0) | .27b |
| Secondary and tertiary education | 18 (18.0) | 82 (82.0) | |
No record of an HSV-2, chlamydia, and gonorrhea tests was reported for 2 women in the control group. P value < .05 is considered significant. Cases are HIV seroconverters and controls are HIV nonseroconverters.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HSV, herpes simplex virus.
Mann-Whitney t test.
Fisher exact test.
χ2 test.