Table 5. Comparison of functional outcomes among four procedures.

Outcome	Pathology level	Nerve transfer	Nerve grafting	External neurolysis	FFMT	p Value
DASH score	C5-C6	32.56 ± 17.45	27.33 ± 12.81	26.68 ± 15.13	40.22 ± 27.77	0.677
	C5-C7	40.17 ± 17.05	49.60 ± 34.94	35.98 ± 23.87	26.76 ± 18.98	0.357
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	27.57 ± 24.24	N/A
	C5-T1	46.39 ± 22.47	41.75 ± 26.11	34.59 ± 18.42	31.97 ± 50.20	0.000 *
Shoulder abduction AROM	C5-C6	82.80 ± 47.37	86.67 ± 5.77	107.92 ± 60.13	53.75 ± 29.00	0.119
	C5-C7 a	57.63 ± 31.46	123.33 ± 35.12	42.50 ± 54.39	75.71 ± 39.10	0.027 *
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	161.25 ± 19.31	N/A
	C5-T1	56.86 ± 43.76	73.33 ± 60.35	88.33 ± 58.06	58.32 ± 37.23	0.110
Shoulder abduction MRC	C5-C6	3.12 ± 0.89	3.33 ± 0.58	3.58 ± 1.17	3.13 ± 0.99	0.621
	C5-C7	2.53 ± 0.84	3.33 ± 1.16	2.00 ± 1.41	2.86 ± 0.70	0.288
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	4.50 ± 0.58	N/A
	C5-T1	2.61 ± 1.13	2.67 ± 1.44	3.33 ± 1.24	2.80 ± 1.09	0.149
Elbow flexion AROM	C5-C6	103.00 ± 43.97	113.33 ± 46.46	121.67 ± 45.49	108.13 ± 41.74	0.348
	C5-C7	103.68 ± 39.22	128.33 ± 33.29	67.50 ± 59.09	100.00 ± 32.15	0.324
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	146.25 ± 12.50	N/A
	C5-T1	87.54 ± 43.30	85.42 ± 61.77	104.72 ± 45.42	81.96 ± 43.39	0.115
Elbow flexion MRC	C5-C6	3.36 ± 0.86	3.67 ± 0.58	3.92 ± 0.90	3.50 ± 0.93	0.346
	C5-C7	3.37 ± 0.76	4.00 ± 0.00	2.75 ± 1.26	3.43 ± 0.54	0.264
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	4.50 ± 0.58	N/A
	C5-T1	3.08 ± 1.15	3.00 ± 1.41	3.39 ± 1.24	3.13 ± 1.11	0.677
VAS	C5-C6	2.48 ± 1.74	3.33 ± 2.52	2.08 ± 1.68	2.13 ± 1.13	0.743
	C5-C7	2.42 ± 1.17	2.00 ± 1.00	3.75 ± 1.71	2.43 ± 1.13	0.325
	C8-T1	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.25 ± 0.50	N/A
	C5-T1	3.64 ± 1.67	3.75 ± 1.60	3.39 ± 2.15	2.99 ± 1.70	0.012 *

Abbreviation: N/A, Data not available.

^* Statistically significant ( p  < 0.05).

^aAnalyzed using ANOVA test.