Table 2.
Association between pre-diagnosis and post-diagnosis dietary scores and mortality among women with ovarian cancer, NHS and NHSII.
| Ovarian cancer-specific mortality | All-cause mortality | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cases, n | Deaths, n | HR (95% CI) | Deaths, n (%) | HR (95% CI) | |
| Pre-diagnosis EDIP score | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 200 | 128 | ref | 142 | ref |
| Quintile 2 | 201 | 125 | 0.93 (0.72–1.19) | 145 | 0.97 (0.77–1.23) |
| Quintile 3 | 201 | 123 | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 141 | 0.95 (0.75–1.21) |
| Quintile 4 | 201 | 121 | 0.95 (0.74–1.23) | 144 | 1.04 (0.82–1.33) |
| Quintile 5 | 200 | 109 | 0.85 (0.65–1.11) | 123 | 0.84 (0.65–1.09) |
| p-trend | – | – | 0.32 | – | 0.38 |
| Post-diagnosis EDIP score | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 156 | 74 | ref | 91 | ref |
| Quintile 2 | 157 | 80 | 1.05 (0.76–1.45) | 100 | 1.09 (0.81–1.45) |
| Quintile 3 | 157 | 85 | 1.30 (0.95–1.79) | 100 | 1.26 (0.94–1.69) |
| Quintile 4 | 157 | 81 | 1.22 (0.88–1.69) | 104 | 1.25 (0.93–1.67) |
| Quintile 5 | 156 | 82 | 1.24 (0.90–1.71) | 101 | 1.21 (0.91–1.62) |
| p-trend | – | – | 0.11 | – | 0.12 |
| Pre-diagnosis AHEI | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 200 | 122 | ref | 134 | ref |
| Quintile 2 | 201 | 125 | 0.79 (0.61–1.02) | 143 | 0.81 (0.63–1.03) |
| Quintile 3 | 201 | 123 | 0.87 (0.67–1.12) | 140 | 0.89 (0.70–1.14) |
| Quintile 4 | 201 | 116 | 0.73 (0.56–0.94) | 137 | 0.77 (0.61–0.99) |
| Quintile 5 | 200 | 120 | 0.95 (0.73–1.22) | 141 | 0.99 (0.77–1.26) |
| p-trend | – | – | 0.52 | – | 0.86 |
| Post-diagnosis AHEI | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 139 | 72 | ref | 87 | ref |
| Quintile 2 | 136 | 66 | 1.02 (0.73–1.43) | 86 | 1.14 (0.84–1.55) |
| Quintile 3 | 139 | 74 | 1.20 (0.86–1.66) | 89 | 1.30 (0.96–1.76) |
| Quintile 4 | 139 | 70 | 1.05 (0.75–1.48) | 88 | 1.16 (0.86–1.58) |
| Quintile 5 | 139 | 64 | 1.12 (0.79–1.60) | 78 | 1.26 (0.92–1.74) |
| p-trend | – | – | 0.50 | – | 0.17 |
Models adjusted for age at diagnosis, calendar year at diagnosis, histology, stage, smoking status, body mass index (<25, 25–29, 30+), and total energy intake. Post-diagnosis model additionally adjusted for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, which included aspirin and non-aspirin NSAID use.
Pre-diagnosis diet is the cumulative average of the dietary scores up to 1 cycle prior to diagnosis. Post-diagnosis diet was assessed 1 to 4 years after diagnosis.
Post-diagnosis AHEI analyses included 692 ovarian cancer cases.
AHEI alternative healthy eating index, CI confidence interval, EDIP empirical dietary inflammatory pattern score, HR hazard ratio, NHS Nurses’ Health Study, NHSII Nurses’ Health Study II.