Fig. 4.

Communicated intensity, emotion expressions and seriousness for the original or swapped audio–visual stimuli (AV). The upper panels show results on mean intensity, the middle on mean emotion expression (the composite score), the lower on mean seriousness, measured by a 7-point scale, with results for laypeople and experts presented in columns, stimuli types e–h; striped pattern for the visual recording from the expressive version and dotted pattern for visual recordings from the suppressed version. Error bars depict 95% confidence intervals adjusted for between-subject variability for within-subject comparisons (Bakeman & McArthur, 1996), separately for laypersons and experts