. 2022 Aug 4;101(11):102108. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102108

Table 6.

Effects of graded levels of dietary beta-sitosterol supplementation on the serum antioxidant status of broiler chickens.

Items¹	Beta-sitosterol level (mg/kg)					SEM²	P-values
Items¹	0	25	50	75	100	SEM²	ANOVA³	Linear	Quadratic
14 d
MDA (nmol/mL)	2.26^a	2.04^ab	1.75^b	2.10^ab	2.42^a	0.07	0.027	0.393	0.003
GSH (mg/L)	15.37	13.88	15.32	15.21	15.33	0.45	0.825	0.707	0.676
SOD (U/mL)	219.32	225.68	232.46	206.83	242.11	5.91	0.417	0.528	0.611
GSH-Px (U/mL)	1227.37^bc	1177.13^c	1348.85^ab	1463.55^a	1490.29^a	31.03	<0.001	<0.001	0.609
CAT (U/mL)	2.76^b	4.20^ab	5.35^a	3.93^ab	4.07^ab	0.27	0.036	0.173	0.015
21 d
MDA (nmol/mL)	6.35	4.90	5.58	5.95	6.33	0.30	0.550	0.650	0.202
GSH (mg/L)	16.36	17.33	16.81	16.08	19.52	0.57	0.339	0.213	0.325
SOD (U/mL)	235.29	232.09	212.59	243.53	237.31	4.04	0.144	0.571	0.176
GSH-Px (U/mL)	801.80^b	756.72^b	929.47^b	1094.80^a	781.98^b	32.89	0.001	0.103	0.015
CAT (U/mL)	2.71^b	4.60^ab	5.56^a	5.14^a	2.85^b	0.37	0.027	0.725	0.001

^a-c

Means within a row with different superscripts are different at P < 0.05.

CAT, catalase; GSH, reduced form of glutathione; GSH-Px, Glutathione peroxidase; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

SEM, standard error of the mean (n = 6).

ANOVA, analysis of variance.