Figure 5.

Molecular pathways in cancer cells and vascular cells driving vessel co-option. Schematic graph showing the known pathways associated with vessel co-option (VCO) and how they relate to each other creating a complex network. Top: Cancer cells: The pathways involved in VCO in cancer cells and their roles are shown: metastasis (YAP/TAZ), invasion (HIF1α, FAK-ERK1/2, Wnt, CXCR4), motility (FAK-ERK1/2, ARP2/3) and EMT (GSK3β, MET, YAP/TAZ). Bottom: Tumor vessels: Binding of cancer cells to tumor vessels via integrins and L1CAM can result in motile and invasive cancer cell phenotypes. All abbreviations can be found in the list of abbreviations.