Table 4. Determinants of traditional Chinese medicine use including acupuncture using multivariate logistic regression.
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | p-value backward selection procedure (likelihood-ratio test) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | <0.001 | ||
| 15–24 | - | ||
| 25–44 | 1.61 (1.18–2.23) | 0.003 | |
| 45–64 | 1.57 (1.15–2.14) | 0.005 | |
| 65+ | 1.14 (0.78–1.66) | 0.50 | |
| Gender, female | 1.93 (1.63–2.30) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Educational level | 0.04 | ||
| Primary education | - | ||
| Secondary education | 1.29 (0.99–1.69) | 0.05 | |
| Tertiary education | 1.35 (1.01–1.80) | 0.04 | |
| Occupation | 0.009 | ||
| Economically inactive | - | ||
| Unemployed/homemaker | 1.02 (0.51–2.02) | 0.96 | |
| Employed | 1.05 (1.05–1.68) | 0.02 | |
| Nationality | 0.006 | ||
| Swiss | - | ||
| Northern/western European | 0.88 (0.66–1.18) | 0.40 | |
| Southern European | 0.73 (0.52–1.03) | 0.07 | |
| Eastern European | 0.59 (0.39–0.90) | 0.01 | |
| Non-European | 0.90 (0.41–1.97) | 0.79 | |
| Linguistic region of Switzerland | 0.006 | ||
| German-speaking incl. Romansh-speaking | - | ||
| French-speaking | 1.27 (1.08–1.50) | 0.005 | |
| Italian-speaking | 1.05 (0.79–1.39) | 0.76 | |
| Body mass index | 0.01 | ||
| Underweight | 1.13 (0.78–1.63) | 0.53 | |
| Normal weight | - | ||
| Overweight | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | 0.90 | |
| Obese | 0.70 (0.52–0.94) | 0.02 | |
| Physical disorder in the past 4 weeks | <0.001 | ||
| None or few | - | ||
| Moderate | 1.40 (1.16–1.69) | <0.001 | |
| Severe | 1.41 (1.15–1.74) | <0.001 | |
| Long-lasting or chronic disease/condition (≥ 6 past months) | 1.27 (1.08–1.50) | 0.004 | <0.001 |
| Daily tobacco consumption | <0.001 | ||
| None | - | ||
| Occasional smoker | 0.92 (0.70–1.22) | 0.57 | |
| Daily smoker | 0.71 (0.57–0.89) | 0.002 | |
| Consultation with general practitioner in the past 12 months | 1.64 (1.34–1.99) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Consultation with other medical specialist (except gynecologist) in the past 12 months | 1.64 (1.40–1.93) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval
Full model included age, gender, education level, housing occupancy status, occupation, nationality, linguistic region, region of residency, body mass index, physical disorder in the past 4 weeks, sleep disorder, long-lasting or chronic disease/condition (≥ 6 past months), allergies, cancer, intensity of headache or migraine in the past 4 weeks, psychological distress in the past 4 weeks, depression in the past 2 weeks, impact of health concerns on lifestyle, fruit and/or vegetable consumption, daily tobacco consumption, last cannabis consumption, mastery, social support, consultation with general practitioner in the past 12 months, consultation with other medical specialists (except gynecologist) in the past 12 months, survey weights.