Table 3.
Results for age at baseline from 190 exercise studies
| No. studies (participants) | Fixed-effect meta-analysis | Moderator analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison | Total | Data available | Mean difference (95% CI) | Heterogeneity | Sample size | Allocation concealment | Data from all participants |
| Endurance vs. control | 131 (6754) | 106 (5146) | 0.0 (−0.3, 0.3) | Q = 122.3, p = 0.12, I2 = 14.1% | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00), p = 0.54 | 0.37 (−0.71, 1.44), p = 0.50 | 0.42 (−0.97, 0.14), p = 0.14 |
| Resistance vs. control | 45 (1481) | 41 (1278) | −0.3 (−0.6, −0.1) | Q = 46.8, p = 0.21, I2 = 14.6% | −0.04 (−0.08, −0.00), p = 0.06 | 1.05 (−1.92, 4.02), p = 0.49 | −0.64 (−1.31, 0.04), p = 0.07 |
| Isometric vs. control | 12 (376) | 10 (328) | −0.4 (−1.5, 0.7) | Q = 7.0, p = 0.64, I2 = 0.0% | −0.04 (−0.15, −0.08), p = 0.55 | NAa | −0.59 (−4.33, 3.15), p = 0.76 |
| Combined vs. control | 25 (1254) | 24 (1221) | 0.0 (−0.6, 0.5) | Q = 27.7, p = 0.23, I2 = 16.8% | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.00), p = 0.64 | −0.87 (−3.30, 1.56), p = 0.48 | −1.20 (−2.28, −0.11), p = 0.03 |
| Endurance vs. resistance | 17 (533) | 16 (496) | 0.1 (−0.7, 0.8) | Q = 17.3, p = 0.30, I2 = 13.4% | −0.06 (−0.13, 0.01), p = 0.08 | 1.02 (−3.49, 5.53), p = 0.66 | 0.65 (−0.96, 2.26), p = 0.43 |
| Endurance vs. combined | 17 (536) | 15 (447) | 0.6 (−0.2, 1.3) | Q = 10.6, p = 0.72, I2 = 0.0% | 0.03 (−0.09, 0.16), p = 0.58 | −0.15 (−1.50, 1.20), p = 0.83 | 0.76 (−0.86, 2.37), p = 0.36 |
| Resistance vs. combined | 9 (235) | 9 (235) | −0.4 (−1.6, 0.7) | Q = 7.1, p = 0.53, I2 = 0.0% | 0.08 (−0.15, 0.31), p = 0.50 | 1.59 (−6.36, 9.54), p = 0.69 | −0.68 (−3.75, 2.39, p = 0.66 |
| Endurance vs. isometric | Not performed because only three studies were available for this analysis | ||||||
| Isometric vs. combined | Not performed because only one study was available for this analysis | ||||||
CI confidence interval, NA not available
aModerator analysis not performed because all studies were in the same subgroup