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. 2022 May 21;52(10):2355–2369. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01696-x

Table 2.

Dysbiotic microbiota associated with inflammation and diseases, such as asthma, type 2 diabetes, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Species Pathogenic action
Anaerotruncus colihominis It is an anaerobic, Gram-negative, nonmotile and rod-shaped microbe. Produces indole from tryptophan and uses glucose and mannose as its main energy source. It can cause bacteremia under conditions of immune system deficiency
Bacteroides ovatus Belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum, it was identified as the main cause of the systemic antibody response in IBS
Collinsella aerofaciens Human commensal known for its ability to ferment a wide range of carbohydrates (including starch). This fermentation results in the formation of products, such as hydrogen and ethanol, which increase the presence of intestinal gas when present at high levels
Desulfovibrio piger Gram-negative, sulfur-reducing bacterium belonging to the Desulfovibrionaceae family, phylum Pseudomonadota. Excessive presence of this microorganism is related to IBD
Dorea formicigenerans This bacterium belongs to the Clostridiaceae family. It is particularly present in subjects with hepatic steatosis of nonalcoholic origin
Escherichia fergusonii Opportunistic pathogen microorganism involved in IBS and found in obese subjects
Finegoldia magna This bacterium belongs to the Peptostreptococcaceae family, phylum Bacillota. Overgrowth of this bacterium can lead to bacteremia, visceral and skin lesions. It has also been isolated in subjects suffering from joint prosthesis infections
Haemophilus influenzae This bacterium belongs to the phylum Pseudomonadota and is responsible for potentially serious infections, especially in children, that are preferentially located in the respiratory tract and meninges
Parabacteroides distasonis This bacterium belongs the Bacteroidota phylum. These opportunistic pathogens can cause severe infections when present in combination with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
Parabacteroides merdae Microorganism belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum. This bacterium is mainly observed in subjects with type 2 diabetes and IBS
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius This bacterium belongs to the Peptostreptococcaceae family, phylum Bacillota. In the context of immunosuppressive conditions, this bacterium can give rise to systemic infections by triggering infectious focuses in brain, neck, liver, breast, lungs, central nervous system, chest, abdomen, pelvis, skin, bones, joints, and soft tissues
Shigella boydii Opportunistic pathogen involved in various inflammatory intestinal pathologies