Table 4.
High ASCVD Risk Associated with MAFLD and Significant Liver Fibrosis
| Adjustment | Fibrosis-4 index, OR (95% CI) | NAFLD fibrosis score, OR (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAFLD | Significant liver fibrosis | MAFLD | Significant liver fibrosis | ||
| Model 1 | 4.44 (3.53–5.59) p<0.001 |
1.64 (1.40–1.92) p<0.001 |
3.53 (2.81–4.43) p<0.001 |
2.40 (2.02–2.86) p<0.001 |
|
| Model 2 | 4.52 (3.49–5.86) p<0.001 |
1.76 (1.46–2.13) p<0.001 |
3.61 (2.79–4.67) p<0.001 |
2.53 (2.05–3.13) p<0.001 |
|
| Model 3 | 4.72 (3.57–6.24) p<0.001 |
1.88 (1.54–2.29) p<0.001 |
3.92 (2.97–5.18) p<0.001 |
2.72 (2.18–3.39) p<0.001 |
|
| Model 4 | 1.49 (1.09–2.05) p=0.014 |
1.87 (1.53–2.31) p<0.001 |
1.44 (1.05–1.98) p=0.023 |
1.74 (1.35–2.23) p<0.001 |
|
Model 1: adjusted for sex and age (per 20 years). Model 2: adjusted for sex, age (per 20 years), exercise, current smoking, alcohol consumption, and previous ASCVD history. Model 3: adjusted for sex, age (per 20 years), exercise, current smoking, alcohol consumption, previous ASCVD history, chronic kidney disease, hyper-LDL cholesterolemia, and muscle mass. Model 4: adjusted for sex, age (per 20 years), exercise, current smoking, alcohol consumption, previous ASCVD history, chronic kidney disease, muscle mass, glycemic status (prediabetes, diabetes), hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia.
ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.