Table 2:

The effect of achieving serologic remission on risk of relapse, ESRD, and death using an emulated target trial design (n=506)

Outcome	Serologic Remission within 180 days	Persistently Positive Titer at 180 days
Relapse
Risk over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	9.4 (3.4 to 15.4)	18.3 (9.9 to 26.7)
Risk difference over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	−8.9 (−17.4 to −0.4)	Ref
Adjusted HR† (95% CI)	0.55 (0.38 to 0.81)	1.0 (Ref)
ESRD or Death (composite) *
Risk over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	19.8 (11.2 to 28.6)	27.1 (17.0 to 37.3)
Risk difference over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	−7.3 (−15.8 to 1.2)	Ref
Adjusted HR† (95% CI)	0.87 (0.61 to 1.25)	1.0 (Ref)
ESRD *
Risk over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	9.7 (3.6 to 15.8)	12.3 (5.4 to 19.1)
Risk difference over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	−2.5 (−11.0 to 5.9)	Ref
Adjusted HR† (95% CI)	0.93 (0.70 to 1.23)	1.0 (Ref)
Death
Risk over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	13.4 (6.2 to 20.5)	20.0 (11.3 to 28.8)
Risk difference over 5 years (95% CI), per 100	−6.7 (−15.1 to 1.8)	Ref
Adjusted HR† (95% CI)	0.81 (0.49 to 1.35)	1.0 (Ref)

^*4 patients with ESRD >300d prior to AAV diagnosis were excluded from analyses of ESRD outcomes

^†adjusted for baseline covariates: age, sex, ANCA type, induction treatment regimen, BVAS/WG, eGFR, and treatment with plasma exchange

ANCA = antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, ESRD = end-stage renal disease, HR = hazard ratio, CI = confidence interval