Table III.

Characteristics of studies on mental health of environmental services workers (arranged alphabetically)

Author, year	Country	Study design	Study population and sample size (N)	Key findings
Jordan, 2022 [31]	USA	Qualitative study; semi-structured telephone interviews	Environmental services workers (69% females; average age 51 years), N=16	The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the existing stressors facing environmental services workers, and there is a need for more support (training, education and adequate PPE) and recognition for these front-line workers.
Latha, 2022 [32]	India	Cross-sectional study	Housekeeping staff, N=64	Based on self-reported DASS-21 and IES-R scores, hospital housekeeping staff had high levels of depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms during and after lockdown. Housekeeping staff had the highest levels of anxiety, and this worsened after lockdown.
Tamene, 2022 [33]	Ethiopia	Qualitative study; key informant interviews and one-on-one in-depth interviews	Environmental services workers, N=19	There were concerns regarding a lack of sufficient and appropriately-sized PPE in the workplace; poor renumeration; increased work fatigue; and lack of experience and training dealing with potential hazards.

DASS-21, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21; IES-R, Impact of Event Scale-revised; PPE, personal protective equipment.