Table 2.

Description of the available rehabilitation exercises offered within the Holobalance intervention protocol (adapted from Liston et al [27], which is published under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License [30]).

Exercise type	Exercise description
Sitting 1: Yaw	Perform head rotations of 30 degrees in the yaw plane (ie, left-right) while sitting, aiming at enhancing gaze stability.
Sitting 2: Pitch	Perform head rotations of 30 degrees in the pitch plane (ie, up-down) while sitting, aiming at enhancing gaze stability and improving common vestibular symptoms such as dizziness, swimminess, and light-headedness.
Sitting 3: Bend over	Bend as if to pick up an object off the floor from the sitting position and return to the upright position, aiming at improving functional activities of daily living (ADL) tasks and mitigating vestibular symptoms if provoked through practice.
Standing 1: Maintain balance	Maintain balance while standing up and remain in the proper position, aiming at improving postural alignment and standing ability with a smaller base of support.
Standing 2: Maintain balance on foam	Maintain balance as in standing exercise 1 while standing on a cushion and remain in the proper position, aiming at promoting sensory reweighting.
Standing 3: Bend over and reach up	Bend over bringing the chin to the chest, return the head to the normal upright position on coming up, and reach up while slightly tilting the head back, aiming at improving functional ADL tasks and dizziness.
Standing 4: Turn	On site, turn to face the opposite direction (ie, 180° turn), aiming at improving functional ADL tasks and dizziness.
Walking 1: Walk to horizon	Walk across the room (back and forth) in a straight path while looking at the horizon, aiming at promoting a normal gait pattern. Minimum space of 2 meters.
Walking 2: Walk & yaw	Walk across the room (back and forth) in a straight path while turning the head left and right, aiming at improving gaze stability while walking and functional ADL walking tasks. Minimum space of 2 meters. Yaw movement as in sitting exercise 1.
Walking 3: Walk & pitch/V-shape	Walk across the room (back and forth) in a straight path while turning the head up and down, and with V-shaped movement, aiming at improving gaze stability while walking and functional ADL walking tasks. Minimum space of 2 meters. Yaw and pitch movements as in sitting exercises 1 and 2.