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. 2022 Sep 14;10(9):e004219. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004219

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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CD155⁺ macrophages (THP-1-derived) enhanced the migration and invasion of human CRC cells. The migration (A), invasion (B), cell cycle status (C), apoptosis (D), and proliferation rate (E) of CRC cells (HTC116) during co-cultured with hCD155⁺ or hCD155– macrophages. Scale bar: 100 µm. (F and G) MMPs expression in CRC cells during co-cultured with hCD155⁺ or hCD155– macrophages. (H) Expression pattern of MMPs and pSTAT3/STAT3 in CRC cells during co-cultured with hCD155⁺ or hCD155– macrophages with or without inhibition of STAT3 or TGF-β signaling. Data were presented as mean±SD, n=3. A significant difference between the groups, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, and ****p<0.0001. ns, no significant difference. Tofacitinib (2.5 µM): JAK/STAT3 signaling inhibitor, galunisertib (10 µM): TGF-β signaling inhibitor. CRC, colorectal cancer; MMP, matrix metalloproteinases; TGF, transforming growth factor.